GUJARAT ALKALIES AND CHEMICALSLTD vs. ASST. COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX

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TAXAP/780/2013HC GujaratGJHC24023072201321 October 2013Author: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE M.R. SHAH,HONOURABLE THE CHIEF JUSTICE MS. JUSTICE SONIA GOKANI9 pages
AI SummaryAllowed

What did the High Court hold?

The High Court allowed the appeals. Regarding the Corporate Debt Restructuring (CDR) expenses, the Court referred to its own decision in CIT vs. Gujarat State Fertilizers & Chemicals Limited, which held that if an expenditure is revenue in nature and incurred wholly and exclusively for business purposes, it can be allowed in its entirety in the year of incurrence. Therefore, the Court held that the CDR expenses of Rs. 82,14,000 for AY 2005-06 and Rs. 39,19,000 for AY 2006-07 were deductible in the respective assessment years. Concerning the amortisation of lease rent for land amounting to Rs. 3,36,224, the Court, considering the decisions in Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited and Madras Auto Services Pvt. Limited, found that the Tribunal had erred in distinguishing these precedents. The Court held that this lease rent was deductible as revenue expenditure and not capital expenditure. Consequently, all questions were answered in favour of the assessee and against the revenue.

What were the facts?

The assessee, Gujarat Alkalies and Chemicals Ltd., filed appeals against the orders of the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) for assessment years (AY) 2005-06, 2006-07, and 2007-08. The appeals concerned the disallowance of Corporate Debt Restructuring (CDR) expenses of Rs. 82,14,000 for AY 2005-06 and Rs. 39,19,000 for AY 2006-07, claimed as revenue expenditure. Additionally, the appeals addressed the disallowance of Rs. 3,36,224, representing amortisation of lease rent for land, treated as capital expenditure. The Assessing Officer (AO) and the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) [CIT(A)] had disallowed these expenses, holding that CDR expenses should be spread over several years and the lease rent amortisation was capital in nature. The ITAT upheld these decisions, leading to the present appeals before the High Court.

What were the issues?

1. Whether, on the facts and in the circumstances, the Tribunal was right in law in holding that the entire revenue expenditure of Rs. 82,14,000 (for AY 2005-06) and Rs. 39,19,000 (for AY 2006-07) incurred on Corporate Debt Restructuring could not be allowed in the respective assessment years but must be spread over a number of years of benefit thereof to the company? (Question of law turning on the nature of expenditure and its deductibility under the Income Tax Act, 1961). 2. Whether, on the facts and in the circumstances, the Tribunal was right in law in holding that Rs. 3,36,224, being amortisation of lease rent for the land, is capital expenditure? (Question of law turning on the nature of expenditure and its deductibility under the Income Tax Act, 1961). Assessee's Contention: The assessee argued that both CDR expenses and lease rent amortisation were revenue expenditures and should be allowed in full in the year they were incurred. They relied on decisions such as CIT vs. Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited and CIT vs. Madras Auto Services Pvt. Limited. Revenue's Contention: The revenue contended that the Tribunal had not committed any error in confirming the orders of the AO and CIT(A). They argued that the CDR expenses should be spread over several years and that the Tribunal had rightly distinguished the decisions relied upon by the assessee. They also relied on a Calcutta High Court decision reported in 259 CTR 275(Cal).

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 1961

AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below

Cause title — parties, addresses and appearances
O/TAXAP/778/2013 JUDGMENT IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD TAX APPEAL  NO. 778 of 2013 With  TAX APPEAL NO. 779 of 2013 TO  TAX APPEAL NO. 780 of 2013   FOR APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE:  HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE M.R. SHAH ­ sd/­ and HONOURABLE MS JUSTICE SONIA GOKANI ­ sd/­ ============================================= 1. Whether   Reporters   of   Local   Papers   may   be  allowed to see the judgment ? NO 2. To be referred to the Reporter or not ? NO 3. Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy  of the judgment ? NO 4. Whether this case involves a substantial question  of law as to the interpretation of the constitution  of India, 1950 or any order made thereunder ? NO 5. Whether it is to be circulated to the civil judge ? NO ============================================= GUJARAT ALKALIES AND CHEMICALSLTD....Appellant(s) Versus ASST. COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX....Opponent(s) ============================================= Appearance: MR MANISH J SHAH, ADVOCATE for the Appellant(s) No. 1 MR KM PARIKH, ADVOCATE for the Opponent(s) No. 1 ============================================= CORAM: HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE M.R. SHAH and HONOURABLE MS JUSTICE SONIA GOKANI  Date : 21/10/2013

ORAL JUDGMENT (PER : HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE M.R. SHAH)

1.0.

As common question of law and facts arise in this group of appeals     and   as   such   with   respect   to   very   assessee   but   different assessment   years   and   as   such   arise   out   of   the   impugned   common judgment   and   order   passed   by   the   learned   Income   Tax   Appellate Tribunal (hereinafter referred to as the “Tribunal”), all these appeals are decided and disposed of by this common judgment and order. In the facts and circumstances of the case and with the consent of the learned advocate for the respective parties, all these appeals are taken up for final hearing today.

2.0.

All these appeals are  Admitted  to consider the following substantial questions of law. Shri K.M. Parikh, learned advocate waives service of notice of admission on behalf of the respondent in each of the appeals. Tax Appeal No.778 of 2013 (i).Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was right in law in upholding that the entire revenue expenditure of Rs.82,14,000/­ cannot be allowed   in   assessment   year   2005­06   when   it   was incurred but must be spread over a number of years of benefit thereof to the company? (ii). Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was right in law in upholding that Rs.3,36,224/­ being amortisation of lease rent for the land is capital expenditure? Tax Appeal No.779 of 2013 (i).Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was right in law in upholding that the entire revenue expenditure of Rs.39,19,000/­ cannot be allowed in assessment year 2006­07 when it was incurred but must be spread over a number of years of benefit thereof to the company? (ii). Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of   the   case,   the   Tribunal   was   right   in   law   in upholding that Rs.3,36,224/­ being amortisation of lease rent for the land is capital expenditure? Tax Appeal No.780 of 2013 (i).Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was right in law in upholding that Rs.3,36,224/­ being   amortisation   of   lease   rent   for   the   land   is   capital expenditure?

3.0.

Feeling   aggrieved   and   dissatisfied   with   the   impugned judgment and order passed by the learned Tribunal dated 0.03.2013 passed in   ITA   No.   179/AHD/2010   for  AY   2005­06,   the   appellant   – assessee has preferred present Tax Appeal  No. 778 of 2013 to consider the following substantial questions of law. (i).Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was right in law in upholding that the entire revenue expenditure of Rs.82,14,000/­ cannot be allowed   in   assessment   year   2005­06   when   it   was incurred but must be spread over a number of years of benefit thereof to the company? (ii). Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was right in law in upholding that Rs.3,36,224/­ being amortisation of lease rent for the land is capital expenditure?

3.1.

Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the impugned judgment   and   order   passed   by   the   learned   Tribunal   dated 0.03.2013 passed in ITA No. 180/AHD/2010 for AY 2006­07, the appellant – assessee has preferred present Tax Appeal No. 779 of 2013 to consider the following substantial questions of law. (i).Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was right in law in upholding that the entire revenue expenditure of Rs.39,19,000/­ cannot be allowed in assessment year 2006­07 when it was incurred but must be spread over a number of years of benefit thereof to the company? (ii). Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of   the   case,   the   Tribunal   was   right   in   law   in upholding that Rs.3,36,224/­ being amortisation of lease rent for the land is capital expenditure? 3. 2. Feeling   aggrieved   and   dissatisfied   with   the   impugned judgment and order passed by the learned Tribunal dated 0.03.2013 passed in   ITA   No.   181/AHD/2010   for  AY   2007­08,   the   appellant   – assessee has preferred present Tax Appeal No. 780 of 2013 to consider the following substantial questions of law. (i).Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was right in law in upholding that Rs.3,36,224/­ being   amortisation   of   lease   rent   for   the   land   is   capital expenditure?

4.0.

It appears that while filing the return of income for AY 2005­06,   the   assessee   claimed   the   deduction   in   the   year   under consideration   of   Corporate   Debt   Restructuring   expenses   of Rs.82,14,000/­ as a revenue expenditure. Similarly, for AY 2006­07, the assessee   claimed   the   deduction   of   Corporate   Debt   Restructuring expenses of Rs.39,19,000/­ as a revenue expenditure in the very year i.e. AY 2006­07. 4. 1. That in the respective years i.e. AY 2005­06 to AY 2007­08, the assessee claimed the deduction of Rs.3,36,224/­ being amortisation of   lease   rent   for   the   land   is   capital   expenditure.   However,   the   AO disallowed the aforesaid expenditure, more particularly, the aforesaid Corporate Debt Restructuring expenses in the relevant assessment years by   observing   that   entire   expenditure   should   not   be   allowed   in   the respective assessment years but it must be spread over a number of years of benefit of such reconstructing proportionately. The AO also held that Rs. 3,36,224/­ after amortisation of lease rent for the land is capital expenditure   and   also   disallowed   the   same.   Against   the   respective assessment   orders,   the   assessee   preferred   appeal   before   the   learned CIT(A) and the learned CIT(A) has confirmed the respective assessment orders. Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the orders passed by the learned   CIT(A)   in   confirming   the   orders   passed   by   the   AO   and disallowing the entire expenses of Corporate Debt Restructuring in the respective   years   under   consideration   and   even   with   respect   to amortisation   of   lease   rent   for   the   land   is   capital   expenditure,   the assessee preferred appeals before the learned ITAT and by impugned judgment and order and considering its earlier judgment and order on the similar issue with respect to assessment year 2004­05, the learned Tribunal  has dismissed the  aforesaid appeals and has  held that  the respective Corporate Debt Restructuring expenses should not be allowed in the respective assessment years but it must be spread over a number of years of benefit of such reconstructing proportionately. The learned Tribunal has also held that amount of Rs.3,36,224/­ after amortization of lease rent paid for the land is a capital expenditure.

4.2.

Feeling   aggrieved   and   dissatisfied   with   the   common impugned   judgment   and   order   passed   by   the   learned   Tribunal,   the assessee   has   preferred   present   Tax   Appeals   to   consider   aforesaid substantial questions of law.

5.0.

Shri   Manish   Shah,   learned   advocate   for   the   appellant­ assessee has vehemently submitted that so far as substantial question of law with respect to Corporate Debt Restructuring Expenses to be treated as a revenue expenditure and it must be allowed in the assessment years when it was incurred is squarely covered by the decision of this Court in Tax Appeal No.126 of 2013 reported in 217 Taxman 229. It is submitted that in the aforesaid decision, it is observed and held by the Division Bench of this Court relying upon the decision of the Hon'ble Supreme Shri Shah, learned advocate for the respective appellant – assessee has submitted that even the question no.2 in Tax Appeal No. 778 of 2013 and Tax Appeal No.779 of 2013 and sole question in Tax Appeal No. 780 of 2013 i.e. whether the Tribunal is erred in holding that Rs.3,36,224/­ after amortisation of lease rent paid for the land is a as well as decision of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of CIT vs. Madras Auto Services Pvt. Limited  reported in (1998) 233 ITR 468. Making above submissions, it is requested to allow present appeals.

6.0.

All   these   appeals   are   opposed   by   Shri   Parikh,   learned counsel   for   the   revenue.   It   is   submitted   that   in   the   facts   and circumstances of the case the learned Tribunal has not committed any error  and / or illegality in confirming the order passed by the AO as well as learned CIT(A) holding that the entire expenditure of Corporate Debt Reconstructing expenses should not be allowed in the single year but it must   be   spread   over   for   number   of   years   for   benefit   of   such reconstructing proportionately.

6.1.

It is further submitted by Shri Parikh, learned counsel for the revenue that in the facts and circumstances of the case, the learned Tribunal has rightly distinguished the decision of this Court in the case of  Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited (supra) as well as decision of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of  Madras Auto Services Pvt. Limited  (supra).    Making   above   submissions   and   relying   upon   the decision  of the  Calcutta High Court reported in 259  CTR 275(Cal), reported in 339 ITR 319.

6.2.

Making   above   submissions   and   relying   upon   above decisions, it is requested to dismiss the present Tax Appeals.

7.0.

Heard the learned advocates for the respective parties at length. The question no.1 in Tax Appeal Nos. 778 of 2013 and 779 of 2013

8.0.

At the outset, it is required to be noted that and it is not in dispute that the assessee incurred the expenses of Rs. 82,14,000/­ in AY 2005­06 and Rs. 39,19,000/­ in AY 2006­07 and claimed the deduction treating as revenue expenditure. It is required to be noted that the learned Tribunal as well as learned CIT(A) has considered the same as revenue expenditure however disallowed the same in one year and held that   it   must   be   spread   over   a   number   of   years   of   benefit   of   such restructuring  proportionately.  Therefore,  the   short   question   which   is posed for the consideration of this Court is whether the Corporate Debt Restructuring expenses of Rs.82,14,000/­ was required to be allowed in AY 2005­06 and Rs.39,19,000/­ in AY 2006­07 as contended on behalf of the assessee or it must be spread over a number of years of benefit of such structuring proportionately as held by the learned Tribunal ? The aforesaid issue as such is now not res integra in view of the decision of this Court in the case of  Commissioner of Income Tax­ I vs. Gujarat State Fertilizer & Chemicals Limited  rendered in TAX Appeal No. 126 of 2013. In the aforesaid decision, the Division Bench of this Court has held   that   once   the   expenditure   is   held  to   be  in   revenue   in   nature incurred wholly and exclusively for the purpose of business, it can be allowed in its entirety in the year in which it is incurred. In view of the above direct decision of this Court, question no.1 in respective appeals is required to be held in favour of assessee and against the revenue by holding that the respective Corporate Debt Restructuring expenses of Rs.82,14,000/­in AY 2005­06 and Rs.39,19,000/­ in AY 2006­07   was revenue expenditure and the same was required to be allowed in the respective assessment years. The question no.2 in Tax Appeal Nos. 778 of 2013 and 779 of 2013 and sole question in Tax Appeal No.780 of 2013

9.0.

Now, so far as question no.2 in Tax Appeal Nos. 778 of 2013 and 779 of 2013 and sole question in Tax Appeal No.780 of 2013 i.e. Whether the learned Tribunal was right in law in holding that Rs. 3,36,224/­   being   amortisation   of   lease   rent   for   the   land   is   capital expenditure is concerned, on considering the decision of this Court in the case of Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited (supra) as well as decision of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of  Madras Auto Services Pvt. Limited (supra), we are of the opinion that the learned Tribunal   has   committed   an   error   in   distinguishing   the   aforesaid decisions and not applying the same to the facts of the case on hand. Considering   the   aforesaid   two   decisions,   it   is   to   be   held   that   the aforesaid lease rent was deductible  as revenue expenditure and the learned   Tribunal   has   erred   in   holding   that   Rs.3,36,224/­   after amortisation of lease rent paid for the land is capital expenditure. Under the circumstances, considering the aforesaid two decisions of the Hon'ble Supreme   Court   in   the   case   of  Madras  Auto   Services  Pvt.   Limited (supra)  and  the   decision   of   this   Hon'ble   Court   in   the   case   of   Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited (supra)  the question no. 2 in Tax Appeal Nos. 778 and 779 of 2013 and sole question no.1 in Tax Appeal No. 780 of 2013 is required to be answered in favour of the assessee and against the revenue.

10.

In view of the above and for the reasons stated above, all the appeals succeed. The question no.1 in Tax Appeal Nos. 778 of 2013 and 779 of 2013 and question no.2 in Tax Appeal Nos. 778 of 2013 and 779 of 2013 and sole question in Tax Appeal No. 780 of 2013 are held in favour of the assessee and against the revenue. Consequently, all these appeals are allowed. Necessary consequences shall follow. sd/­ (M.R.SHAH, J.) sd/­ (MS SONIA GOKANI, J.) Kaushik

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