DY.C.I.T. vs. JEMBY CHEM PVT. LTD.
What did the High Court hold?
The High Court held that the ITAT's view that penalty under Section 271(1)(c) cannot be levied in a case of loss or negative income is unsustainable, citing the Supreme Court's decision in Income Tax vs. Gold Coin Health Food Pvt. Ltd. The Supreme Court in that case clarified that Explanation 4(a) to Section 271(1)(c)(iii) permits penalty levy not only when concealed income addition results in positive assessed income, but also when it reduces a returned loss, even if the assessed income remains a loss. However, the High Court noted that the ITAT had not adjudicated on the merits of the penalty order, particularly concerning the fact that the assessee had not appealed the quantum additions. Therefore, the High Court quashed the ITAT's order and restored the matter to the ITAT to decide the appeal on its merits, including whether the penalty order was justified, considering all grounds, especially the absence of an appeal against the quantum additions.
What were the facts?
The Revenue is aggrieved by the ITAT's order dated December 20, 2002, for Assessment Year 1991-92. The Assessing Officer (AO) made additions to the assessee's income, including NIL gross profit and unexplained cash credit, under Section 143(3). The assessee did not appeal these quantum additions. The AO initiated penalty proceedings under Section 271(1)(c) and imposed a penalty of Rs. 3,07,876. The Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) [CIT(A)] cancelled this penalty. The ITAT, by its impugned order, dismissed the Revenue's appeal, upholding the CIT(A)'s decision to delete the penalty.
What were the issues?
1. Whether the ITAT has substantially erred in law in holding that penalty under Section 271(1)(c) cannot be levied in a case of negative income? Assessee's Contention: The assessee, through its counsel, could not point out any decision contrary to the Supreme Court's ruling in Income Tax vs. Gold Coin Health Food Pvt. Ltd. However, the assessee argued that since the ITAT had not examined the merits of the penalty imposed under Section 271(1)(c), the matter should be restored to the ITAT for consideration on merits. Revenue's Contention: The Revenue contended that the ITAT's decision to delete the penalty solely on the ground that penalty cannot be levied on negative income is unsustainable in light of the Supreme Court's decision in Income Tax vs. Gold Coin Health Food Pvt. Ltd. The Revenue further argued that the ITAT failed to consider other grounds, specifically whether the penalty order could be sustained on merits, especially since the assessee had not appealed the quantum additions.
Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?
AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below
Cause title — parties, addresses and appearances
ORAL JUDGMENT (PER : HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE M.R. SHAH) [1.0] Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the impugned judgment and order dated 20.12.2002 passed by the learned Income Tax Appellate Tribunal, Ahmedabad [hereinafter referred to as “ITAT”] in ITA No.3127/Ahd/1997 for the assessment year 199192, the Revenue has preferred the present tax appeal to consider the following substantial question of law. “Whether the ITAT has substantially erred in law in holding that penalty u/S.271(1)(c) cannot be levied in a case of negative income?” [2.0] That the AO passed the order under section 143(3) of the Income Tax Act, 1961 [hereinafter referred to as “Act”] for the assessment year in question making certain additions with regard to the NIL in gross profit and unexplained cash credit. It appears that the assessee did not prefer the appeal against the quantum of additions. Pursuant to the assessment order, AO initiated the penalty proceedings. Various show cause notices were issued to the assessee, however, there was no response to the showcause notices issued and therefore, the AO proceeded to pass an ex parte order on the basis of the facts on record.
That the AO levied/imposed the penalty of Rs.3,07,876/ as against maximum leviable at Rs.6,15,753/ under section 271(1)(c) of the Act. [2.1] Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the order passed by the AO imposing the penalty under section 271(1)(c) of the Act, the assessee preferred appeal before the learned CIT(A) and the learned CIT(A) allowed the said appeal cancelling the penalty under section 271(1)(c) of the Act. [2.2] Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the order passed by the learned CIT(A), revenue preferred appeal before the learned ITAT and by impugned judgment and order, the learned ITAT has dismissed the said appeal preferred by the revenue confirming the order passed by the learned CIT(A) deleting the penalty. [2.3] Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the impugned order passed by the learned ITAT, the Revenue has preferred the present tax appeal to consider the aforesaid substantial questions of law. [3.0] Mrs. Mauna Bhatt, learned advocate appearing on behalf of the revenue has vehemently submitted that the impugned judgment and order passed by the learned ITAT deleting the penalty holding that if there is a loss or negative income, penalty cannot be levied under section 271(1)(c) of the Act cannot be sustained in view of the decision of the Hon’ble Supreme Court in the case of Income Tax vs. Gold Coin Health Food Pvt. Ltd. reported in 304 ITR 308 (SC). It is further submitted that as such the learned ITAT has not considered any other ground i.e. whether on merits the penalty order can be sustained or not, more particularly,when the assessee had not preferred appeal against the quantum addition. Therefore, it is requested to allow the present appeal. [4.0] Shri S.N. Divatia, learned advocate appearing on behalf of the respondent – assessee is not in a position to point out any decision contrary to the decision of the Hon’ble Supreme Court in the case of Gold Coin Health Food Pvt. Ltd. (Supra). However, has submitted that as the learned ITAT has not gone into the merits of the case with respect to the penalty imposed under section 271(1)(c) of the Act and therefore, the matter may be restored to the file of the learned ITAT. [5.0] Heard Mrs. Mauna Bhatt, learned advocate appearing on behalf of the revenue and Shri S.N. Divatia, learned advocate appearing on behalf of the respondent – assessee.
At the outset it is required to be noted that while passing the impugned judgment and order the learned ITAT has held that if there is a loss or negative income, penalty cannot be levied under section 271(1) (c) of the Act. The learned ITAT has not gone into the merits of the case whether in the facts and circumstances of the case, more particularly, when the assessee had not preferred the appeal against the quantum additions, the penalty order was justified or not. Now, so far as the view taken by the learned ITAT that if there is a loss or negative income, penalty cannot be levied under section 271(1)(c) of the Act is concerned, in view of the decision of the Hon’ble Supreme Court in the case of Gold Coin Health Food Pvt. Ltd. (Supra), the same cannot be sustained. [5.1] In the case of Gold Coin Health Food P. Ltd. (Supra) it is held that Explanation 4(a) to section 271(1)(c)(iii) intended to levy penalty not only in a case where after addition of concealed income, a loss returned, after assessment becomes positive income, but also in a case where addition of concealed income reduces the returned loss and finally the assessed income is also a loss or a minus figure. Therefore, penalty is leviable even in a case where addition of concealed income reduces the returned loss. [5.2] However, considering the fact that the learned ITAT has not gone into other grounds and has not entered into the merits of the case whether penalty order is justified or not more particularly when the assessee had not preferred the appeal against the quantum additions.
Under the circumstances, the matter is to be restored to the file of the learned ITAT to consider the said appeal on merits and considering whether the penalty order is justified or not more particularly when the assessee had not preferred the appeal against the quantum additions. [6.0] In view of the above and for the reasons stated above, present tax appeal succeeds. Impugned judgment and order dated 20.12.2002 passed by the learned ITAT in ITA No.3127/Ahd/1997 is hereby quashed and set aside and the matter is restored to the file of the learned ITAT to consider the appeal on merits and other grounds.
Present tax appeal is allowed to the aforesaid extent. No costs. (M.R. SHAH, J.) (R.D. KOTHARI, J.)
Ajay
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