SURESHCHANDRA D KHATOD (HUF) vs. INCOME TAX OFFICER, WARD 1(3)

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TAXAP/783/2008HC GujaratGJHC24041240200818 February 2020Author: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE J.B.PARDIWALA,HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE BHARGAV D. KARIA30 pages
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What did the High Court hold?

The High Court held that the ITAT had committed an error in reversing the order of the CIT(A) without providing cogent reasons. The Tribunal, being a fact-finding body, is expected to consider all evidence, both for and against the assessee, and provide clear findings based on the record. The Court found that the ITAT's conclusion appeared to be influenced by irrelevant considerations and ignored relevant documents produced by the assessee, leading to findings based on conjecture and surmises. Citing Supreme Court pronouncements, the Court stated that findings based on suspicion, conjecture, or improper rejection of material evidence are liable to be set aside. Given that the CIT(A) had arrived at findings based on the material on record, and considering the significant delay, the Court decided not to remand the matter. Instead, it reversed the ITAT's findings and restored those of the CIT(A), allowing the appeal in favour of the assessee.

What were the facts?

The assessee, Sureshchandra D. Khatod (HUF) operating as Nirav Industries, a commission agent in non-ferrous metal trading, faced a survey under Section 133A on September 13, 2000. A discrepancy of 25115 kg of stock was found. The assessee explained this as scrap material received from M/s. Shubham Enterprise via two bills, which were allegedly received during the survey. The Assessing Officer (AO) rejected this explanation and added Rs. 14,83,420, the value of the excess stock, and Rs. 2437, a cash difference, to the assessee's income. The Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) [CIT(A)] allowed the assessee's appeal, finding the explanation satisfactory and the department's verification correct. The Revenue appealed to the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT).

What were the issues?

1. Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the ITAT was right in holding that the assessee was the owner of the excess stock of Rs. 14,83,420? (Question of fact and law turning on Section 68 of the Income Tax Act, 1961). 2. Whether on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the ITAT was right in reversing the order of CIT(A) without giving any cogent reasons whatsoever and without giving any finding for deciding the appeal against the appellant? (Question of law). 3. Whether in the facts and under the circumstances of the case, the decision of the ITAT was not perverse, considering that all details were filed, assessment order extracts and CIT(A) findings were reproduced, only a statement was made about CIT(A)'s lack of finding, and the detailed paper book was not looked into? (Question of fact and law). Assessee's contentions: The assessee argued that all details were provided, the paper book ought to have been considered, and the ITAT's decision was perverse due to lack of cogent reasoning and failure to consider evidence. The assessee relied on Supreme Court judgments regarding perverse findings and the principles laid down in Sree Meenakshi Mills, Madurai v. Commissioner of Income-tax. Revenue's contentions: The revenue contended that the ITAT's findings were based on the evidence before it and that the CIT(A) had erred in deleting the addition without proper consideration of the AO's findings.

Which sections of the Income-tax Act were involved?

Section 133A,Section 260A,Section 68

AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below

Cause title — parties, addresses and appearances
C/TAXAP/783/2008 JUDGMENT IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD R/TAX APPEAL NO.  783 of 2008   FOR APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE:      HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE J.B.PARDIWALA   and HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE BHARGAV D. KARIA   ====================================== 1     Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to see  the judgment ? 2     To be referred to the Reporter or not ? 3     Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of the  judgment ? 4     Whether this case involves a substantial question of law as  to the interpretation of the Constitution of India or any  order made thereunder ? ====================================== SURESHCHANDRA D KHATOD (HUF)  Versus INCOME TAX OFFICER, WARD 1(3)  ====================================== Appearance: MR. B. S. SOPARKAR ADVOCATE WITH MRS SWATI SOPARKAR(870) for the Appellant MRS MAUNA M BHATT(174) WITH MR. KARAN SANGHVI, ADVOCATE for the Opponent  ====================================== CORAM: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE J.B.PARDIWALA and HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE BHARGAV D. KARIA   Date : 18/02/2020   Page 1 of 30 C/TAXAP/783/2008 JUDGMENT

ORAL JUDGMENT (PER : HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE BHARGAV D. KARIA)

1.

This appeal is filed by the assessee under Section 260A of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (for short ‘the Act, 1961’) and is arising out of the order dated 18th August 2007 passed by the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal,   Rajkot   Bench,   Rajkot   (for   short   “the   Tribunal”)   in   ITA no.396/Rjt/2002 for A.Y. 2001­02. 2. This Court vide order dated 18th  April 2009 admitted the appeal on the following substantial questions of law. “(a) Whether   on   the   facts   and   in   the circumstances of the case, the ITAT was right in holding that the assessee was owner of the excess stock of Rs.14,83,420? (b) Whether   on   the   facts   and   in   the circumstances of the case, the ITAT was right in reversing the order of CIT(A) without giving any cogent   reasons   whatsoever   and   without   giving any finding for deciding the appeal against the appellant? (c) Whether   in   the   facts   and   under   the circumstances   of   the   case,   the  decision   of   the ITAT was not perverse inasmuch as: (i) all   the   details   were   filed   before   the Tribunal and the same ought to have been looked into and decided the appeal; (ii) while   deciding   the   appeal   extracts   of assessment order and finding of CIT(A) has been reproduced; (iii) only   stating   that   CIT(A)   has   not   given finding for holding in favour of appellant; (iv) detailed  paper book ought to have been looked into which has not been done.”

3.

The   appellant   assessee   is   a   HUF   having   a   proprietary concern by the name Nirav Industries.  It is engaged in the business of trading in non­traders metal working as commission agent.   A survey under Section 133A of the Act, 1961 was carried­out on 13th September 2000 at the business premises of the appellant assessee.   During the course of survey, discrepancy of 25115 kg. of stock was worked­out. The appellant assessee submitted the explanation that the scrap material was received in two parts from M/s. Shubham Enterprise vide bill nos.5 and 6 and such bills were received during the course of survey in front of survey officials.

4.

The   assessing   officer   during   the   course   of   assessing proceedings   issued   show   cause   notice   calling   upon   the   appellant assessee to explain the discrepancy in the stock of scrap found during the course of survey.  The assessee vide letter dated 16th February 2004 explained that during the course of survey itself the stock was cross verified.  However, the assessing officer rejected the explanation of the assessee and made   addition of Rs.14,83,420/­ being the value of the excess stock of 22115 kg. and sum of Rs.2437/­ being difference in cash.

5.

The appellant assessee being aggrieved and dissatisfied with the assessment order preferred appeal before the CIT(A).

6.

The CIT(A) allowed the appeal on the ground that proper explanation was submitted during the survey proceedings and it was duly  cross verified  by the  department  and  found to  be correct  and therefore, there was no reason for the Assessing Officer to treat the said discrepancy as unexplained and to make addition thereof.

7.

The order passed by the CIT(A) was challenged before the Tribunal.   The Tribunal by the impugned order set aside the order passed by the CIT(A) with following observations. “7. We have considered the rival contentions and found from the record that excess stock of 22115 kg was found during the course of survey u/s.133A at assessee’s business premises. It was submitted that the excess stocks belong to third party and has been sent to the assessee for job work.  Statement was recorded by the survey team of different persons and there was contradiction in the statements.  No documentary evidence with regard to transportation of goods and octroi duty payment for entry of goods to the city, in respect of goods belonging to third party, having been sent to assessee for   job   work,   could   be   produced   either   during   course   of survey proceedings or thereafter at the time of assessment proceedings, even the assessee has denied the identity of the person to whom goods were claimed to be belonging as per the finding recorded by the Assessing Officer.  In view of these observations, the Assessing Officer has concluded as under:

1.

Goods of Bill no.5 & Bill no.6 were found at the business premises of the assessee at 424/2, GIDC, Udyognagar and Naghedi Godown.

2.

The assessee says that the goods belongs to Shubam Enterprise, which is the concern situated at Bhavnagar whereas the goods are found at Jamnagar.  Why the firm situated at Bhavnagar would send the goods for cutting to Jamnagar.  If the goods are send from Bhavnagar to Jamnagar for   cutting   job   work   there   must   be   fixed rate/charges of cutting otherwise how huge stock more than 10,000 Kg would have been sent to Jamnagar.

3.

On verification of the copies of the bill it is clearly mentioned in the Bill “Sold to M/s. Nirav Industries,   Post   Khodiyar   Colony,   Village   – Naghedi, Jamnagar”.

4.

The assessee could not produce transporter receipt at the time of survey as well as during the course of assessment proceedings.

5.

At Bhavnagar no godown was found only open plot of land was found where no goods of brass can be stored.

6.

These bills were not found at the time of survey.

7.

There is no proof for any payment of octroi or   any   cartage   charges   paid   for   bringing   the goods to Naghedi.

8.

The assessee has denied the identity of the Shri Sagarmal J. Shah and the goods are claimed to be belonging to Shri Sagarmal J. Shah.

9.

Shri  Sagarmal  J.  Shah  has filed  revised return on 29.10.2001 i.e. after date of survey in the case of Sureshchandra D. Khatod.

10.

Shri   Pankajbhai   Shah   has   stated   in   his statement that he is doing the business of Shri Sagarmal J. Shah who is his relative i.e. uncle however on the other side he says that he does not know the rates, transporters etc., during the course of survey.”

8.

Without   controverting   any   of   the   above   categorical findings   and   observations   in   the   order   of   the   Assessing Officer, the CIT(A) has deleted the entire addition by passing a non­speaking order in which the CIT(A) alleged that there was no logical reason for the AO for rejection of explanation of the assessee.  It appears that the CIT(A) has just accepted the AR’s submission on its face value as given by the AR during the course of appellate proceedings and no reason has been   assigned   for   accepting   the   assessee’s   version   or   for rejecting the Assessing Officer’s finding with respect to the excess   stock   found   during   survey,   discrepancy   in   the statement   recorded   during   the   course   of   survey   vis­à­vis documentary evidence for transportation of goods to Naghedi and the octroi duty which ought to have been paid for the same, either at the time of survey or even during the course of assessment proceedings.  As the excess stock was stated by the assessee as having been received from some other party for undertaking the also octori duty etc., paid if any, for such transportation and ownership of such materials and third party.  In his first Para of his order the CIT (A) observed that the assessee is engaged in the business of trading in non­ ferrous metal and working as commission agent, we fail to understand as to how a trader or commission agent can undertake   the   job   work   of   cutting   of   metals   etc.,   when undisputedly   such   job   work   require   sufficient   plant machinery. No finding has been recorded by the CIT (A) regarding assessee's owning any plant and machinery for carrying out the job work undertaken by it. Nor any finding was recorded that either during the year under consideration or in the earlier or subsequent year any such job work was undertaken by the assessee or he was doing only trading business. As the assessee was unable to explain the excess stock of Rs 14,83,420/­ found during the course of survey, the Assessing Officer while framing the assessment has given one more opportunity to the assessee to give reason as to why the excess stock found, which could not be satisfactorily explained   at   the   time   of   survey,   be   added   as   assessee’s income. We do not find anything wrong in AO's asking the assessee to explain the excess stock and rather it was in the interest of natural justice in giving one more opportunity to the   assessee   to   explain   at   the   time   of   framing   the   final assessment. No material has been brought on record by the CIT (A) for holding that excess stock was anyhow explained by the assessee either neither during the course of survey nor during the course of assessment proceedings nor during the course   of   appellate   proceedings   before   him.   There   is   no

discussion in the order of the CIT (A) as to how he reached to the conclusion that statement given during the course of survey was verified and found to be correct.

9.

As per provisions of sub­section 6 of section 250, the order   of   the   CIT   (A)   disposing   of   the   appeal   should mandatorily state the points of determinations and decision thereon and the reasons for the decision. Therefore, while exercising   the   powers   u/s.   251,   the   CIT   (A)   should mandatorily   give  reasons   and   justification   in   writing   for reaching to the decision. Provisions contained under sub­ section 6 of section 250 are not directory but mandatory in nature, which reads as under: "Section 250(6): The order of the Commissioner (Appeals)   disposing   of   the   appeal   shall   be   in writing   and   shall   state   the   points   for determination,   the   decision   thereon   and   the reason for the decision."

10.

The use of word "shall" in place of "may” itself indicate that these directions are mandatory in nature and not merely directory. Had the Statute used the word "may", it could be said that it is the discretion of CIT (A) while passing the order, either to pass order verbally or in writing or to give  reasons  for  the  decision   and  to  state   the points  for determination.   The   CIT   (A)   is   required   to   follow   these mandatory   provisions   while   exercising   its   quasi­judicial powers given u/s. 251 of the Income tax Act. In the instant case   the   CIT   (A)   has   neither   controverted   any   of   the observations   and   the   findings   recorded   by   the   Assessing officer while making addition on account of excess stock, nor had recorded any justification for accepting assessee's version of excess stock found during the course of survey and for deleting the same in entirety. No any justification for deleting the addition made on account of discrepancy of cash found during the course of survey was given by the CIT (A). Thus, the   order   passed   by   the   CIT   (A)   are   not   as   per   clear mandatory provisions contained u/s. 250 (6). We, therefore, set aside the order of the CIT (A) as his conclusion is not based on any material much less cogent material, and in the interest   of justice,  matter  is restored  back to  his file  for deciding the issue afresh by recording his clear findings for reaching to the conclusion that excess stock found during survey did not belong to the assessee. He should also give reasons   for   deleting   the   addition   made   on   account   of discrepancy of cash found during the course of survey. He should also record reasons for controverting the specific and categorical findings recorded by the Assessing Officer.”

8.

On remand of the matter from the Tribunal, the CIT(A) again examined the matter having regard to the observations made by the   Tribunal.     The   CIT(A)   on   perusal   of   the   paper­book   and   the submissions made by the appellant assessee with regard to the issues raised   by   the   Assessing   Officer   allowed   the   appeal   by   deleting   the addition on account of the difference in stock and held as under :­ “7. On   the   basis   of   above   submissions   and   documents, statements placed on record, it emerges that : a) On  13/9/2000,  statement  of  the appellant's brother Shri Satyanarayan Khatod was recorded u/s 133A and in response to that statement he stated that the goods of Pankajbhai was received for cutting and was lying at the godown. He further stated that the goods for job work were received before four days of   survey   and   further   goods   were   received   in   the morning of the date of survey. b) On the same day statement of Shri Pankajbhai was   also   recorded   by   survey   party   and   Shri Pankajbhai confirmed the above facts. c) Shri Pankajbhai also gave the copies of bills of shubham enterprises whose goods were sent for job work. d) Statement   of   appellant   was   also   recorded wherein he stated that goods of bill no 5 were lying at shed non 424/2 and goods of bill No 6 were lying at   Naghedi   Godown.   He   further  stated  that   these goods were received for job work. e) Proof of goods lying at godown were delivered to the principal after job work were also produced in the form of bills for job work. f) Copy of confirmation charges of Job work and copy of acknowledgement of return of the principal were also produced. g) In   Para   No.   5   of   assessment   order   quoted above it is stated that goods of bill Nos. 5 & 6 were found at the time of survey.  These bills were of M/s Shubham Enterprises." h) Regarding transport charges its submitted that it was the responsibility of Pankajbhai to deliver the goods for cutting at the appellant's doorstep after cutting Bills of Shubham Enterprises show the truck No in which the goods were received. j) Naghedi   godown   of   the   appellant   is   beyond octroi limits k) Scarp of the kind found is normally kept in open plot and there is therefore nothing unusual if at Bhavnagar, no godown was found but it was only open plot. From the above facts it is abundantly clear that the goods in question belonged to M/s Shubham Enterprises. These facts were stated by the appellant and M/s Shubham enterprises also.   The   conduct   of   the   appellant,   the   overwhelming evidence   placed   in   the   paper   book,   spontaneous   replies submitted   by   the   appellant   and   others   including   the principal, during the course of survey conclusively established that the goods do not belong to the appellant but to M/s Shubham Enterprises. Para No 5 of the assessment order also clearly brings out all these facts and therefore supports the above finding. In view of this the addition on account of difference in stock is deleted.”

9.

The revenue being aggrieved preferred the appeal before the Tribunal.   The Tribunal after recording the findings of the CIT(A) held as under :­ “7. We have heard the rival contentions of both the parties and  perused  the  material  on  record.  We  have also  gone though the replies of the assessee the statements  of Shri Pankajbhai P Jain and Shri Shagarmal J Shah, proprietor of M/s Shubham Enterprises We have also gone through the order of the Tribunal, whereby the Tribunal   set aside the order of the CIT(A) for deciding the issue afresh by recording his clear findings for reaching to the conclusion that excess stock found during the survey did not belong to the assessee. We find that as the assessee was unable to explain the excess stock of Rs.14,83,420/­ found during the course of survey, the AO while framing the assessment had given one more opportunity to the assessee to give reason as to why the excess   stock   found,   which   could   not   be   satisfactorily explained   at   the   time   of   survey,   be   added   as   assessee's income.  No material has been brought on record by the CIT(A) for holding that excess stock was explained by the assessee during the course of survey or during the course of assessment proceedings nor during the course of appellate proceedings. The onus is clearly on the assessee to prove that the goods in question belonged to M/s Shubham Enterprises and, not the assessee, which has been discharged by the assessee. The onus is on the assessee to prove the actual transportation of goods in question and also payment of octroi,   etc.,   paid,   if   any   for   such   transportation   and ownership of such goods by the third party. There is no

discussion in the order of the CIT(A) as to how he reached to the conclusion that the statements given during the course of survey were verified and found to be correct.  No such finding was recorded by the CIT(A) regarding assessee's ownership of such goods and transportation thereof. We therefore do not agree with the findings of the CIT(A) and reverse the order of the CIT(A) and restore that of the AO.”

10.

Mr.   B.   S.   Soparkar,   learned   advocate   appearing   for   the appellant assessee submitted that after the matter was remanded back to the CIT(A), the assessee explained in detail each of the points raised by the Assessing Officer, which is recorded by the CIT(A) in his order as under:­ “6. As the matter was restored to the file of CIT(A), the matter was fixed for hearing.  During the course of hearing, AR   of   the   appellant   submitted   a   paper   book   and   made submission on the issues raised by AO which are reproduced as under :­ 1. Goods of Bills No.5 and Bill No.6 were   found   at   the   business premises   at   424/2,   GIDC, Udyognagar,

and Naghedi Godown. a) The   lose   scrap   material was received in two parts from M/s.Subham Enterprises   vide   bill   No.5 and 6. The copies of the bill   are   attached   in   the paper book.  The bill No.5 contains   brass   scrap material   for   cutting   of 9365   Kg   and   bill   no.6 contains the 12450 kgs of brass   scrap   material. These   bills   were   not available during the course of survey proceedings, but were   received   during   the course of survey in front of the survey officials. b) Therefore, it is not correct that the bills were found at the   business   premises   at Udyognagar but bills were received   by   the   appellant at the udyognagar premises during the course of survey in front of survey party. c) This explanation was filed with the learned AO at the time of assessment and the same is produced at Page no.8   Paragraph   No.2   of Paper Book filed with Hon. ITAT.

2.

The assessee says that the goods belong   to   Subham   Enterprise, which  is  the  concern   situated  at Bhavnagar whereas the goods are found at Jamnagar.  Why the firm a) Shri   Pankajbhai   Parasmal Shah   (Jamnagar),   the person who has delivered the Propeller   on   behalf   of   his uncle   Mr.Sagarmal   Shah situated at Bhavnagar would send the goods for cutting at Jamnagar. If   the   goods   are   sent   from Bhavnagar   to   Jamnagar   for cutting Job Work, there must be fixed   rate/charges   of   cutting otherwise   how   huge   stock   more than 10,000 Kg would have been sent to Jamnagar. (Bhavnagar) has been called for during the course/ time of   survey   only   and   the learned

Officers

has obtained his statement also. b) Please refer Q Nos.3 to 5 of the   Statement   of   Shri Pankajbhai (Please refer to page   No.35,   36   &   38   of Paper Book filed with Hon. ITAT) and he has specifically mentioned   that   he   has delivered the goods for Job Work   as   per   his   uncle’s instructions. c) All   contacts   information including   copy   of   Income Tax   Return   of   Shri Sagarmal   J.   Shah   was submitted to the learned AO at   the   time   of   assessment only.   Please refer to page No.7   of   Paper   Book   filed with Hon. ITAT. d) If   all   evidences   draw attention to the fact that the Propeller was sent only for Job Work, ownership cannot be   shifted   merely   on   the basis   that   Job   Work   rate was not pre fixed. e) It was a business decision of a   businessman   and   in business   it   happens   many times.     In   addition,   it   is evident that afterwards Job Work rate has been decided and   paid   to   the   assessee. Copy   of   the   bills   were produced before the learned A.   O.   and   the   same   is produced at Page No.20 & 21 of Paper Book filed with Hon. ITAT.

3.

On verification of the copies of the bill it is clearly mentioned in the bill “Sold to M/s.Nirav Industries, Post   Khodiyar   Colony,   Village­ Naghedi, Jamnagar.” a) Copies   of   the   bills   were produced   at   the   time   of Survey.  Page No.16 & 17 of Paper Book filed with Hon. ITAT.  If one refer the bills, it is clearly making out that actually   copies   of   the   bills are used as Delivery Memo. “Sold   to”,   the   word highlighted   is   just   pre printed word. b) If one reads the bill fully, it is clearly mentioned that the goods are sent for Job Work and   that’s   why   Rate   and Amount   column   was   kept empty. c) If the goods were sold to the assessee, then bill would not have prepared in such a way where   rate   and   amount   is not   mentioned   and   “For Cutting

Job­Work”

is mentioned.     To   throw   the light it seems that the sender may have prepared the same for   the   Octori   purpose because, if the goods are not for the local consumption/sale,   Octori cannot   be   levied.     As   the goods   were   not   meant   for local sale, this bill, if carried with   the   goods,   Octroi cannot   be   levied.   The learned   AO   has   put   more stress   on   the   pre­printed word Sold To, however, he has not mentioned the other important   facts   about   the bill though  bills were with them right from the time of Survey. d) The goods are returned after job   work   cutting   and   the bills for the job work were also furnished to AO.  That appears at page No.18 to 21 of the paper book.

4.

And The   assessee   could   not   produce transporter receipt at the time of survey as well as during the course of assessment proceedings. ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ There is no proof of payment of any Octroi or any Cartage Charges paid   for   bringing   the   goods   to Naghedi. a) It was explained right from the time of the survey and reiterated repeatedly during the   assessment   proceedings that it was responsibility of Shri   Pankajbhai   to   deliver and collect the goods from my doorstep.   (Please refer page No.7, 9 & 10 of Paper Book filed with Hon. ITAT). b) Bills of Shubham Enterprises show the truck Nos in which the goods were received. c) Transportation   was   not assessee’s burden and hence he   cannot   have   those records.   However, assessee has   prepared   Delivery Challan

when

Shri Pankajbhai has collected the goods   after   job   work. Transport

Receipt

for delivery is also not available with   the   assessee   as   his liability   was   to   deliver   the goods to Shri Pankajbhai at his (assessee’s) door step. d) Naghedi   is   situated   at around 10 kms away from Jamnagar city.   In Naghedi there is no octori applicable. Furthermore,   as   the   goods were   sent   by   principal,   it was not the responsibility of the appellant. e) Copies   of   Delivery   Challan were attached at Page No.18 &   19   of   Paper   Book   filed with Hon. ITAT.

5.

At   Bhavnagar   no   godown   was found only open plot of land was found where no goods of brass can be storage. a)   Generally   these   types   of goods are kept in open plot only. b) Please refer Para 2 at page No.11   of   Paper   Book   filed with Hon. ITAT where copy of the letter  filed with the learned   AO   during   the assessment

proceedings explaining   in   details   that Propeller   having   weight   of 20 Tons are of very big size and can block High Way. c) It can neither be loaded on a Truck   nor   can   be   kept   in any   closed   godown.     Open plots are used to keep these type of propellers.  It can be loaded on a truck only after cutting.

6.

These Bills were not found at the time of survey. a)   Please refer Q 13 at page No.50 and Q 7 at Page 36 of Paper Book filed with Hon. ITAT.  The bills were found/ produced   at   the   time   of Survey only. b)     Please   refer   issue   no.1 where   AO   has   stated   that bills were found at the time of survey. c)  This contradicts the stand of AO.

7.

The   assessee   has   denied   the identity of Shri Sagarmal J. Shah and the goods are claimed to be belonging to Sagarmal J. Shah. a)   The   assessee   has   in   fact never denied the identity of Sagarmal Shah, however, he has mentioned that he was not   knowing   and   has   not met   Mr.   Sagarmal   before. However, is it necessary for all time to meet/ know the person   personally   before doing   business   and   further to do only Job Work, which involves   lower   amount   of income   and   risk.     Mr. Sagarmal   has   talked   on phone   with   the   assessee. Without   prejudice   the assessee   has   produced   all information  at the time of survey,   that’s   why   the department   could   visit Bhavnagar   place. All further

information including copy of Income­tax Return of Shri Sagarmal J. Shah was also submitted to the learned AO at the time of assessment.   Please refer page   No.7   of   Paper   Book filed with Hon. ITAT. b)   since   the   party   were   not met/

knowing,

the transaction

was a transaction   of   mere   Job Work   involving   lesser amount   and   risk   and   it cannot be a transaction  of sale. c)   Overwhelming   evidences produced   by   the   appellant should   justify   that   the transaction   is   of   job   work and   the   material   does   not belong to the appellant.

8.

Shri Sagarmal J. Shah – HUF filed revised return on 29.10.2001 i.e. after date of survey in the case of Sureshchandra D. Khatod. a)   Shri   Sagarmal   J.   Shah   – HUF   has   sent   the   account confirmation,   which   was filed   with   the   AO,   and nothing   contrary   to   the assessee’s claim was found. Please   refer  page   No.22   of Paper Book filed with Hon. ITAT. b)  Appellant  is  not  concerned about   the   facts   of   revising return   of   income   by   its principal   who   has   sent goods for job work. c) It is a matter between the IT department and that person who has revised the return of income and just by this fact   the   goods   in   question does   not   belong   to   the appellant.

9.

Shri Pankajbhai Shah has stated in his statement that he is doing the business of Shri Sagarmal J. Shah who is his relative i.e. uncle however on the other side he says that he does not know the rates transporters etc., during the course of survey. Please   refer   page   No.10   of Paper   Book   filed   with   Hon. ITAT.

11.

Relying upon the same paper­book which was filed before the CIT(A) and the Tribunal, it was submitted that the CIT(A) after considering the explanation with regard to each of the issue has arrived at finding of facts as recorded in para­7 of the order for the deletion of the addition.

12.

It was submitted that the Tribunal without considering the aforesaid   aspect   and   facts   emerging   from   the   record   and   without assigning any reason for not agreeing with the findings of fact arrived at by the CIT(A) has passed the impugned order without giving any reason whatsoever by holding that the assessee was unable to explain the excess stock found during the course of survey.

13.

Learned   advocate   for   the   assessee   submitted   that   the Tribunal did not look into the details filed by the assessee in form of bills and delivery challans issued by M/s. Shubham Enterprise, transportation details, copy of delivery challans received from Ms/. Shubham Enterprise by the assessee.   It is, therefore, submitted that the impugned order passed by the Tribunal is a perverse order as the Tribunal failed to take into consideration the relevant factors and has taken into consideration irrelevant factors and documents in form of statements of Pankajbhai Jain and Shri Sagarmal J. Shah, proprietor of M/s. Shubham Enterprise and the Tribunal has arrived at the conclusion that the assessee was unable   explain   the   excess   stock   found   during   the   course   of   survey without discussing as to how on the basis of such statements, such

conclusion could be  arrived at by the Tribunal.  Learned advocate also submitted   that   in   the   first   round   of   litigation   before   the   Tribunal, directions were given to the CIT(A) to give reasons and justification in writing for reaching to the decision for deletion of the addition of value of excess stock.  Accordingly, the CIT(A) has given detailed reasons in paras­7 and 8 of the order passed after remand.  The Tribunal has not given any reason as to how the findings arrived at by the CIT(A) were not justified on the basis of material available on record.

14.

It was further submitted by Mr. Soparkar that the Tribunal has also not given any reason to come to the conclusion that the assessee failed to discharge the onus to prove the actual transportation of goods and also payment of octori etc., and has not considered the delivery challan received with regard to the material received by the appellant assessee for job work.

15.

It was, therefore, submitted that the impugned order passed by the Tribunal is contrary to the facts and evidence on record as well as the findings arrived at by the CIT(A) resulting into perverse order and therefore, the same is liable to be quashed and set aside and the order passed by the CIT(A) is required to be restored.

16.

On   the   other   hand,   Ms.   Mauna   Bhatt,   learned   standing counsel for the revenue assisted by learned advocate Mr. Karan Sanghvi submitted that the CIT(A) has not given any reason to arrive at findings of fact on the basis of the submissions and documents and statements placed on record by the assessee in para­7 of the order.

17.

It was submitted that the Tribunal has rightly come to the

conclusion that the assessee was unable to explain the excess stock found during the course of survey and CIT(A) has not given any reason to reach to the conclusion that the statements given during the course of survey were verified and found to be correct so as to discharge the onus of   the   assessee   to   prove   the   actual   transportation   of   the   goods   in question   and   also   payment   of   octroi   etc.,   paid   if   any   for   such transportation and ownership of such goods by the third party.

18.

It was submitted that the Tribunal is the final fact finding authority and therefore, no interference is required to be made as the Tribunal has passed the impugned order after considering the materials on record.

19.

Having heard learned advocates of the respective parties and having gone through the materials placed on record along with the paper­book filed on behalf of the assessee, it emerges from the record that bill nos.5 and 6 issued by M/s. Shubham Enterprise were found during the course of survey conducted on 30th September 2000, which is corroborated by the statement of Shri Satyanarayan Khatod recorded under Section 133A of the Act, 1961, wherein he has stated that the goods of Pankajbhai were received for cutting and was lying at godown and the goods were received four days prior to the date of survey for job work and some of the goods received in the morning of the date of survey.  Pankajbhai in his statement recorded by the Survey Party also confirmed the facts stated by Shri Satyanarayan Khatod.  The statement of Sureshchandra Khatod was also recorded, wherein he stated that goods of bill no.5 were lying at Shed no.424/2 and goods of bill no.6 were lying at Naghedi godown.  He also confirmed that the said goods were received for job work.  By way of job work charges, the proof of goods lying at godown delivered after the job work was over were also produced in the form of bills for job work.   M/s. Shubham Enterprise also issued confirmation with regard to return of the goods after the job work   was   over.     The   Assessing   Officer   has   also   recorded   in   the assessment order that the bill nos.5 and 6 were found at the time of survey pertaining to the goods of M/s. Shubham Enterprise received by the assessee for job work.  With regard to the transportation charges, the assessee explained and submitted that it was the responsibility of the Pankajbhai to deliver the goods for job work at the door step of the appellant assessee and the bills of M/s. Shubham Enterprise also show the truck number in which the goods were received by the appellant assessee.

20.

The   CIT(A)   after   considering   such   facts,   came   to   the

conclusion   that   the   goods   in   question   belonged   to   M/s.   Shubham Enterprise, which is also confirmed by both the parties and considering submissions   as   well   as   the   documentary   evidence   produced   by   the appellant assessee, the CIT(A) has come to a clear finding  of fact that the goods in question did not belong to appellant but belonged to M/s. Shubham Enterprise.

21.

The Tribunal, however, has failed to consider the relevant documents on record and has taken into consideration the irrelevant facts with regard to the onus of the assessee to actual transportation of the goods in question, payment of octroi etc., and thereby discarded findings of facts  arrived at by the CIT(A) based upon the material on record resulting into a perverse order.

22.

In such circumstances, it would be relevant to refer to the decision of Supreme Court in case of  Omar Salay Mohamed Sait v. Commissioner   of   Income   Tax,   Madras  reported   in  (1959)   37   ITR 151(SC), wherein the Apex Court has held as under :­ “26. We have set out the facts in minute detail as we are setting aside the order of the Appellate Tribunal and   remanding   the   matter   back   to   it   in   order   to reconsider the same.   The limits of our jurisdiction in regard to the finding of fact reached by courts of fact have been laid down by us in several decisions of this court.     In   Dhirajlal   Girdharilal   v   Commissioner   of Income­tax, we expressed the opinion that when a court of fact  arrives  at its decision  by  considering  material which is irrelevant to the enquiry, or acts on material partly   relevant   and   partly   irrelevant,   where   it   is impossible to say to what extent the mind of the court was  affected   by  the  irrelevant   material  used  by  it  in arriving at its decision, a question of law arises: Whether the finding of the court of fact is not vitiated by reason of its   having   relied   upon   conjectures,   surmises   and suspicions not supported by any evidence on record or party   upon   evidence   and   partly   upon   inadmissible material.

27.

It was similarly observed by us in Dhakeswari Cotton Mills Ltd. v. Commissioner of Income tax, that the powers given  to the  income  tax Officer  under section 23(3)   of   the   Income­tax   Act,   however   wide,   did   not entitle him to base the assessment on pure guess without reference   to   any   evidence   or   material.   An   assessment under section 23(3) of the Act could not be made only on bare suspicion. An assessment so made without disclosing to   the   assessee   the   information   supplied   by   the departmental   representative   and   without   giving   any opportunity to the assessee to rebut the information so supplied   and   declining   to   take   into   consideration   all materials   which   the   assessee   wanted   to   produce   in support   of   his   case   constituted   a   violation   of   the fundamental rules of justice and called for exercise of the powers under article 136 of the Constitution.

28.

The last case to which reference need be made in this context is that of Sree Meenakshi Mills, Madurai V.   Commissioner   of   Income­tax,   where   this   court observed at page 720 : “The position that emerges on the authorities may thus be summed up : (1) When the point for determination is a pure question of law such as construction of a statute or document of title, the decision of the Tribunal is open to reference to the court under section 66(1). (2) When the point for determination is a mixed question  of law and fact,  while the finding of the Tribunal on the facts found is final its decision as to the legal effect of those findings is a question of law which can be reviewed by the court. (3) A finding on a question of fact is open to attack under section 66(1) as erroneous in law when there is no evidence to support it or if it is perverse. (4) When the finding is one of fact, the fact that it is itself an inference from other basic facts will not alter its character as one of fact.”

29.

On the facts and circumstances of this case we shall   have   to   determine   whether   the   finding   of   fact reached by the Appellate Tribunal was vitiated inasmuch as it was unsupported by evidence or was unreasonable and   perverse   in   nature   having   been   arrived   at   by improper rejection of evidence available in the record of the proceedings or having been based partly on evidence and partly on conjectures, surmises and suspicions. Xxx

34.

We are aware that the Income­tax Appellate Tribunal is a fact finding Tribunal and if it arrives at its own conclusions of fact after due consideration of the evidence   before   it   this   court   will  not   interfere.     It  is necessary, however, that every fact for and against the assessee must have been considered with due care and the Tribunal must have given its finding in a manner which would clearly indicate what were the questions which arose for determination, what was the evidence pro and contra in regard to each one of them and what were was the reached on the evidence on record before it.   The conclusions   reached   by   the   Tribunal   should   not   be coloured by any irrelevant considerations or matters of prejudice   and   if   there   are   any   circumstances   which required to  be explained  by the assessee, the assessee should  be given an opportunity  of doing  so.   On no account whatever should the Tribunal base its findings on suspicions, conjectures or surmises nor should it act on no evidence at all or on improper rejection of material and relevant evidence or partly on evidence and partly on suspicions, conjectures or surmises and if it does anything of the sort, its findings, even though on questions of fact, will be liable to be set aside by this court.”

23.

In view of the above proposition of law laid down by the Supreme Court in the aforesaid decision, we are of the opinion that the Tribunal has committed an error in reversing the order passed by the CIT(A) without giving any cogent reasons for the same in the impugned order.  It is expected from the Tribunal to arrive at such conclusion of fact after due consideration of the evidence before it as the Tribunal is a fact finding Tribunal and as such it was the duty of the Tribunal to give its finding in a manner after due consideration of every facts for and against the assessee in a manner which could clearly indicate what were the questions which arose for determination and what was evidence pro and contra in regard to each of them and what were the findings based on the evidence on record before it.  In the facts of the case, it appears that the conclusion reached by the Tribunal is coloured by the irrelevant consideration   ignoring   the   relevant   documents   produced   by   the appellant assessee, resulting into the findings based on such conjecture and surmises without reference to the material and relevant evidence and therefore, such findings of the Tribunal even though on question of fact are liable to be set aside by this Court.

24.

In   view   of   the   above,   we   are   of   the   opinion   that   the impugned order passed by the Tribunal being perverse is liable to be quashed and set aside though it is on the facts of the case.  As the CIT(A) has arrived at findings of fact based on material on record, which was also produced before it, it would not serve any purpose to remand the matter back to the Tribunal after the period of 12 years and in peculiar facts of this case, we reverse the findings of the Tribunal and restore those of the CIT(A).

25.

Accordingly,   the   appeal   is   allowed.     The   substantial questions of law are answered in favour of the assessee and against the revenue. No order as to costs. (J. B. PARDIWALA, J.) (BHARGAV D. KARIA, J.) AMAR RATHOD...

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