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“estimation of income”

Assessment ProceduresSection 145Section 1453,061 judgments

The decision most relied on for estimation of income is CIT v. Simit P. Sheth (356 ITR 451), cited in 1,465 judgments on BharatTax.

Leading authorities on estimation of income

CIT v. Simit P. Sheth
356 ITR 451 · 2013 · High Court
1,465
citing judgments

When purchases are unproved or presumed to be from the grey market, the entire amount of such purchases should not be disallowed; instead, income can be estimated by applying a reasonable gross profit rate to the unaccounted sales or turnover, especially in assessments arising from search proceedings involving seized documents.

Rotork Controls India Pvt. Ltd. v. CIT
314 ITR 62 · 2009 · Supreme Court
739
citing judgments

A provision for expenses, such as warranty, is a deductible liability for income tax purposes if it constitutes a present obligation arising from past events, and a reliable estimate of the amount of obligation is possible.

Sanjay Oilcake Industries v. CIT
316 ITR 274 · 2009 · High Court
460
citing judgments

In cases of alleged bogus or unverifiable purchases, rather than disallowing the entire purchase value, a reasonable profit element or a proportionate percentage of the purchases should be added back to the assessee's income.

Kachwala Gems v. JCIT
288 ITR 10 · 2007 · Supreme Court
332
citing judgments

In a best judgment assessment, some guesswork is inherent, but the estimate must be fair and not arbitrary. Books of account can be rejected under Section 145(3) if the assessee fails to substantiate entries or prove the genuineness of transactions, leading to estimation of income.

CIT v. Devi Prasad Vishwanath Prasad
72 ITR 194 · 1969 · Supreme Court
272
citing judgments

If there is an unexplained cash credit, the Assessing Officer can treat it as the assessee's income, even when the income is finalized on an estimation basis, without proving its specific source. The onus then shifts to the assessee to prove that the income represented by the cash credit has already been taxed.

Commissioner of Sales Tax v. H.M. Esufali H.M. Abdulali
90 ITR 271 · 1973 · Supreme Court
232
citing judgments

The Supreme Court established principles for best judgment assessments, stating that some guesswork is inevitable but the assessment must be bona fide, rational, and free from bias or capriciousness. An appellate authority cannot substitute its judgment for that of the Assessing Officer unless the AO's assessment is shown to be biased, irrational, vindictive, or capricious, especially when the assessee fails to provide proper accounts or counter-evidence.

CIT v. Balchand Ajit Kumar
263 ITR 610 · 2003 · High Court
212
citing judgments

When making an addition for unaccounted receipts, on-money, or non-genuine purchases/sales, the addition should be restricted to the estimated profit element embedded in such transactions, rather than the entire gross amount, particularly when evidence of corresponding expenditure is incomplete. This estimation often involves applying a net profit rate.

Harigopal Singh v. CIT
258 ITR 85 · 2002 · High Court
203
citing judgments

Penalty under section 271(1)(c) cannot be levied when an addition to income is made on an estimated basis without concrete evidence of concealment or furnishing inaccurate particulars of income. The provisions of section 271(1)(c) are not attracted to cases where income is assessed on an estimate basis.

Judgments citing estimation of income

Maniga Jewellery, Coimbatore vs. ACIT Non Corporate Circle 2, Coimbatore

In the result, the appeal filed by the assessee is allowed for statistical purposes

ITA 1692/CHNY/2017[2012-13]Status: DisposedITAT Chennai27 Apr 2018AY 2012-13

Bench: Shri Abraham P. George & Shri Duvvuru Rl Reddyआयकर अपील सं./I.T.A.No.1692/Chny/2017 "नधा"रण वष"/Assessment Year:2012-13 M/S. Maniga Jewellery The Assistant Commissioner Of Represented By Its Erstwhile Partner Vs. Income Tax, Smt. A. Deepa, No. 208, Gowtham Non Corporate Circle 2, Arcade, 2Nd Floor, T V Samy Road, Coimbatore. R.S. Puram, Coimbatore 641 002. [Pan: Aaofm5053D] (अपीलाथ" /Appellant) (""यथ"/Respondent) अपीलाथ" क" ओर से / Appellant By : Shri N.V. Balaji, Advocate ""यथ" क" ओर से/Respondent By : Smt. Vijayaprabha, Jcit सुनवाई क" तार"ख/ Date Of Hearing : 12.04.2018 घोषणा क" तार"ख /Date Of Pronouncement : 27.04.2018 आदेश /O R D E R Per Duvvuru Rl Reddy: This Appeal Filed By The Assessee Is Directed Against The Order Of The Ld. Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeals) 2, Coimbatore, Dated 31.03.2017 Relevant To The Assessment Year 2012-13. Besides Raising Various Grounds In The Grounds Of Appeal, The Ld. Counsel For The Assessee Mainly Argued That The Assessee Was Not Given Sufficient

For Appellant: Shri N.V. Balaji, AdvocateFor Respondent: Smt. Vijayaprabha, JCIT
Section 142(1)Section 143(1)Section 143(2)Section 143(3)Section 44A

Counsel for the assessee mainly argued that the assessee was not given sufficient 2 I.T.A. No.1692/Chny/17 opportunity to produce its books and estimation of income on presumption, the assessment order passed under section 143(3) r.w.s. 144 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 [“Act” in short ... same returned back. Since there was no representation from assessee’s side or 3 I.T.A. No.1692/Chny/17 any books were produced, the Assessing Officer estimated the income of the assessee at 10% of the turnover and the difference of ₹.2,58,704/- was brought to tax. On appeal

The ACIT, Vijayawada vs. Sri Batchu Amarnath, Vijayawada

In the result, appeal No.427/Viz/2016, ITA No

ITA 456/VIZ/2016[2009-2010]Status: DisposedITAT Visakhapatnam18 Apr 2018AY 2009-2010

Bench: Shri V. Durga Rao& Shri D.S. Sunder Singhआयकर अपील सं./I.T.A.No.427/Viz/2016 , I.T.A.No.428/Viz/2016 (धनधाारण िर्ा/Assessment Year:2009-10 & 2010-11 Respectively) Sri Batchu Amarnath Vs. Dcit, Circle-1(1) D.No.23-31-3/B, Kommuvari Street Vijayawada Satyanarayanapuram, Vijayawada [Pan :Agrpb6279P] (अपीलार्थी/ Appellant) (प्रत्यर्थी/ Respondent) आयकर अपील सं./I.T.A.No.456/Viz/2016 (धनधाारण िर्ा/Assessment Year:2009-10) Acit Vs. Sri Batchu Amarnath Circle-3(1) D.No.23-31-3/B Vijayawada Kommuvari Street Satyanarayanapuram Vijayawada [Pan :Agrpb6279P] (अपीलार्थी/ Appellant) (प्रत्यर्थी/ Respondent) Cross Objection No.07/Viz/2018 (Arising Out Of I.T.A.No.456/Viz/2016) Sri Batchu Amarnath Vs. Acit D.No.23-31-3/B, Kommuvari Street Circle-3(1) Satyanarayanapuram, Vijayawada Vijayawada [Pan :Agrpb6279P] (अपीलार्थी/ Appellant) (प्रत्यर्थी/ Respondent) धनधााररती की ओर से/ Assessee By : Shri C.Subrahmanyam,Ar राजस्ि की ओर से / Revenue By : Shri K.C.Das, Dr सुनिाई की तारीख / Date Of Hearing : 10.04.2018 18 .04.2018 घोषणा की तारीख/Date Of Pronouncement :

For Appellant: Shri C.Subrahmanyam,ARFor Respondent: Shri K.C.Das, DR
Section 143(3)Section 263

filed by the revenue is not maintainable and accordingly dismissed. ITA 428/Viz/2016 8. The only issue before us for consideration is whether the estimation of income at 12.5% made by the Ld.CIT(A) on amount of Rs.18,87,500/- is 6 ITA Nos.427,456/Viz/2016 and CO No.7/Viz/2018 Sri Batchu Amarnath ... submissions of the assessee by taking into consideration of only assessment year under consideration i.e. 2010-11 made payment of Rs.18,87,500/-, estimated the income at Rs.2,35,938/- at 12.5% on 18,87,500/- and directed the AO to restrict the addition to Rs.2,35,938/- in lieu

Sri Batchu Amarnath, Vijayawada vs. The Dy. CIT, Vijayawada

In the result, appeal No.427/Viz/2016, ITA No

ITA 428/VIZ/2016[2010-2011]Status: DisposedITAT Visakhapatnam18 Apr 2018AY 2010-2011

Bench: Shri V. Durga Rao& Shri D.S. Sunder Singhआयकर अपील सं./I.T.A.No.427/Viz/2016 , I.T.A.No.428/Viz/2016 (धनधाारण िर्ा/Assessment Year:2009-10 & 2010-11 Respectively) Sri Batchu Amarnath Vs. Dcit, Circle-1(1) D.No.23-31-3/B, Kommuvari Street Vijayawada Satyanarayanapuram, Vijayawada [Pan :Agrpb6279P] (अपीलार्थी/ Appellant) (प्रत्यर्थी/ Respondent) आयकर अपील सं./I.T.A.No.456/Viz/2016 (धनधाारण िर्ा/Assessment Year:2009-10) Acit Vs. Sri Batchu Amarnath Circle-3(1) D.No.23-31-3/B Vijayawada Kommuvari Street Satyanarayanapuram Vijayawada [Pan :Agrpb6279P] (अपीलार्थी/ Appellant) (प्रत्यर्थी/ Respondent) Cross Objection No.07/Viz/2018 (Arising Out Of I.T.A.No.456/Viz/2016) Sri Batchu Amarnath Vs. Acit D.No.23-31-3/B, Kommuvari Street Circle-3(1) Satyanarayanapuram, Vijayawada Vijayawada [Pan :Agrpb6279P] (अपीलार्थी/ Appellant) (प्रत्यर्थी/ Respondent) धनधााररती की ओर से/ Assessee By : Shri C.Subrahmanyam,Ar राजस्ि की ओर से / Revenue By : Shri K.C.Das, Dr सुनिाई की तारीख / Date Of Hearing : 10.04.2018 18 .04.2018 घोषणा की तारीख/Date Of Pronouncement :

For Appellant: Shri C.Subrahmanyam,ARFor Respondent: Shri K.C.Das, DR
Section 143(3)Section 263

filed by the revenue is not maintainable and accordingly dismissed. ITA 428/Viz/2016 8. The only issue before us for consideration is whether the estimation of income at 12.5% made by the Ld.CIT(A) on amount of Rs.18,87,500/- is 6 ITA Nos.427,456/Viz/2016 and CO No.7/Viz/2018 Sri Batchu Amarnath ... submissions of the assessee by taking into consideration of only assessment year under consideration i.e. 2010-11 made payment of Rs.18,87,500/-, estimated the income at Rs.2,35,938/- at 12.5% on 18,87,500/- and directed the AO to restrict the addition to Rs.2,35,938/- in lieu

Sri Batchu Amarnath, Vijayawada vs. The Dy. CIT, Vijayawada

In the result, appeal No.427/Viz/2016, ITA No

ITA 427/VIZ/2016[2009-2010]Status: DisposedITAT Visakhapatnam18 Apr 2018AY 2009-2010

Bench: Shri V. Durga Rao& Shri D.S. Sunder Singhआयकर अपील सं./I.T.A.No.427/Viz/2016 , I.T.A.No.428/Viz/2016 (धनधाारण िर्ा/Assessment Year:2009-10 & 2010-11 Respectively) Sri Batchu Amarnath Vs. Dcit, Circle-1(1) D.No.23-31-3/B, Kommuvari Street Vijayawada Satyanarayanapuram, Vijayawada [Pan :Agrpb6279P] (अपीलार्थी/ Appellant) (प्रत्यर्थी/ Respondent) आयकर अपील सं./I.T.A.No.456/Viz/2016 (धनधाारण िर्ा/Assessment Year:2009-10) Acit Vs. Sri Batchu Amarnath Circle-3(1) D.No.23-31-3/B Vijayawada Kommuvari Street Satyanarayanapuram Vijayawada [Pan :Agrpb6279P] (अपीलार्थी/ Appellant) (प्रत्यर्थी/ Respondent) Cross Objection No.07/Viz/2018 (Arising Out Of I.T.A.No.456/Viz/2016) Sri Batchu Amarnath Vs. Acit D.No.23-31-3/B, Kommuvari Street Circle-3(1) Satyanarayanapuram, Vijayawada Vijayawada [Pan :Agrpb6279P] (अपीलार्थी/ Appellant) (प्रत्यर्थी/ Respondent) धनधााररती की ओर से/ Assessee By : Shri C.Subrahmanyam,Ar राजस्ि की ओर से / Revenue By : Shri K.C.Das, Dr सुनिाई की तारीख / Date Of Hearing : 10.04.2018 18 .04.2018 घोषणा की तारीख/Date Of Pronouncement :

For Appellant: Shri C.Subrahmanyam,ARFor Respondent: Shri K.C.Das, DR
Section 143(3)Section 263

filed by the revenue is not maintainable and accordingly dismissed. ITA 428/Viz/2016 8. The only issue before us for consideration is whether the estimation of income at 12.5% made by the Ld.CIT(A) on amount of Rs.18,87,500/- is 6 ITA Nos.427,456/Viz/2016 and CO No.7/Viz/2018 Sri Batchu Amarnath ... submissions of the assessee by taking into consideration of only assessment year under consideration i.e. 2010-11 made payment of Rs.18,87,500/-, estimated the income at Rs.2,35,938/- at 12.5% on 18,87,500/- and directed the AO to restrict the addition to Rs.2,35,938/- in lieu

Tuta Lakshmana Rao, Eluru vs. The ITO, Eluru

In the result, appeal of the assessee is allowed

ITA 393/VIZ/2016[2004-2005]Status: DisposedITAT Visakhapatnam18 Apr 2018AY 2004-2005

Bench: Shri V. Durga Rao& Shri D.S. Sunder Singhआयकर अऩीऱ सं./I.T.A.No.393/Viz/2016 (ननधधारण वषा/Assessment Year:2004-05) Tuta Lakshmana Rao Vs. Income Tax Officer Prop :Chakri Bar & Restaurant Ward-1 Canal Road, Eluru- Eluru West Godavari District [Pan :Acbpt2971J] (अपीलार्थी/ Appellant) (प्रत्यर्थी/ Respondent) अऩीऱधथी की ओर से/ Appellant By : Shri G.V.N.Hari, Ar प्रत्यथी की ओर से / Respondent By : Shri K.C.Das, Dr सुनवधई की तधरीख / Date Of Hearing : 10.04.2018 घोषणा की तारीख/Date Of Pronouncement 18 .04.2018 :

For Appellant: Shri G.V.N.Hari, ARFor Respondent: Shri K.C.Das, DR
Section 175

draft/ cheque. Hence, instead of giving outright credit for the withdrawals, in our opinion, it would meet the ends of justice, if we estimate the income out of the said transactions treating the same as business transactions. The AO himself has given credit of the sates turn over ... response to the show cause notice issued by the AO, the assessee has submitted that ultimately, the ITAT directed the AO to estimate the income of the assessee and accordingly, the AO has made the addition of Rs.5,00,000/- on the basis of estimation, therefore, no penalty

Mandava Nageswara Rao, Visakhapatnam vs. The ITO, Visakhapatnam

In the result, appeal of the assessee on this ground is allowed for statistical purpose

ITA 69/VIZ/2015[2011-12]Status: DisposedITAT Visakhapatnam18 Apr 2018AY 2011-12

Bench: Shri V. Durga Rao& Shri D.S. Sunder Singhआयकर अऩीऱ सं./I.T.A.No.69/Viz/2015 (ननधधारण वषा/Assessment Year:2011-12) Mandava Nageswara Rao Vs. Income Tax Officer D.No.30-13-11 Ward-1(2) Dabagardens Visakhapatnam Visakhapatnam [Pan :Adppm7610Q] (अपीलार्थी/ Appellant) (प्रत्यर्थी/ Respondent) अऩीऱधथी की ओर से/ Appellant By : Shri G.V.N.Hari, Ar प्रत्यथी की ओर से / Respondent By : Shri K.C.Das, Dr सुनवधई की तधरीख / Date Of Hearing : 11.04.2018 घोषणा की तारीख/Date Of Pronouncement : 18.04.2018

For Appellant: Shri G.V.N.Hari, ARFor Respondent: Shri K.C.Das, DR

APBCL that the purchases made by Shri Sai Durga Bar and Restaurant, M.Nageswara Rao as proprietor was Rs.1,14,84,877/-. As regards estimation of income, the Ld.CIT(A) relied on the orders of the Coordinate Bench of ITAT Hyderabad in the case of M/s Mallikarjuna Bar & Restaurant ... No.186/Hyd/2012 dated 4 Mandava Nageswara Rao, Visakhapatnam 28.6.2012 and directed the AO to estimate the income @10% of purchases on 1,14,84,877/-. 5. Aggrieved by the order of the Ld.CIT(A), the assessee is in appeal before us. During the appeal hearing, the Ld.AR furnished the copies