Section 2(19AA) of the Income Tax Act
The decision most relied on for Section 2(19AA) is 277(D- E) and CIT v. U.P. State Industrial Development Corporation (225 ITR 703), cited in 49 of the 26 judgments on BharatTax that turn on this section.
Leading authorities on Section 2(19AA)
A liability, including an obligation to pay compensatory interest arising from a contract, is deductible as a business expense under Section 37(1) when it has crystallized and become an ascertained liability.
TDS provisions do not apply if the payee is not identified at the time of making provision for an expense. The scheme of TDS requires the payer to know the identity of the recipient of the income.
There can be no presumption that an assessee must have incurred expenditure to earn tax-free income. Disallowance under section 14A requires actual expenditure, not notional or estimated amounts.
Judgments on Section 2(19AA)
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