BharatTax.net
SearchITATHigh CourtsSupreme CourtPhrasesAI ResearchHistory

Filters

BharatTax.net

Free search engine for ITAT (Income Tax Appellate Tribunal) judgments across all 28 benches in India.

Quick Links

  • Search Judgments
  • Browse by Bench
  • Recent Judgments

About

BharatTax provides free access to Income Tax Appellate Tribunal orders for legal research and reference.

© 2026 BharatTax.net. All rights reserved.

781 results for “transfer pricing”+ Section 14clear

Sorted by relevance

Delhi4,709Mumbai4,298Bangalore1,783Chennai829Kolkata781Ahmedabad697Hyderabad665Pune645Karnataka492Jaipur420Chandigarh292Surat291Indore258Cochin216Rajkot118Visakhapatnam108SC108Cuttack81Telangana76Calcutta69Nagpur67Raipur65Lucknow61Amritsar43Jodhpur36Agra36Guwahati33Dehradun31A.K. SIKRI ROHINTON FALI NARIMAN15Varanasi12Panaji11Ranchi11Jabalpur10Rajasthan10Allahabad9Patna9Kerala8Orissa6Punjab & Haryana2S.B. SINHA MARKANDEY KATJU1A.K. SIKRI N.V. RAMANA1Andhra Pradesh1DIPAK MISRA V. GOPALA GOWDA1MADAN B. LOKUR S.A. BOBDE1D.K. JAIN JAGDISH SINGH KHEHAR1T.S. THAKUR ROHINTON FALI NARIMAN1

Key Topics

Section 143(3)92Section 14A78Addition to Income56Section 115J39Section 92C36Disallowance35Section 26329Transfer Pricing28Section 25022

M/S INSTRUMENTARIUM CORPORATION LTD.,KOLKATA vs. DDIT (IT)-1(1), KOLKATA, KOLKATA

ITA 1549/KOL/2009[2004-05]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata15 Jul 2016AY 2004-05

Bench: The Special Bench:

14 of 2001 which, inter alia, states that “..the basic intention underlying the new transfer pricing regulations is to prevent shifting of profits by manipulating prices charged or paid in international transactions, thereby eroding the country’s tax base” and that “the new section

DCIT, CIRCLE - 11(1), KOLKATA, KOLKATA vs. M/S. J. J. EXPORTERS LTD., KOLKATA

ITA 1371/KOL/2017[2008-09]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata19 Sept 2018AY 2008-09

Bench: Shri A. T. Varkey, Jm & Dr. A. L. Saini, Am]

Section 92C

14. The ld counsel also submitted before us that in order to compute profit level indicator (PLI) the export incentive and foreign exchange fluctuation should be considered. He also submitted that transfer pricing provision did not apply to transaction between 10A and 10B units, and the turnover pertaining to sections

Showing 1–20 of 781 · Page 1 of 40

...
Section 4018
Section 14718
Deduction17

DCIT, CIRCLE - 11(1), KOLKATA, KOLKATA vs. M/S. J. J. EXPORTERS LTD., KOLKATA

ITA 1372/KOL/2017[2009-10]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata19 Sept 2018AY 2009-10

Bench: Shri A. T. Varkey, Jm & Dr. A. L. Saini, Am]

Section 92C

14. The ld counsel also submitted before us that in order to compute profit level indicator (PLI) the export incentive and foreign exchange fluctuation should be considered. He also submitted that transfer pricing provision did not apply to transaction between 10A and 10B units, and the turnover pertaining to sections

ALMATIS ALUMINA PRIVATE LTD,KOLKATA vs. DCIT, CIRCLE-8(1), KOLKATA, KOLKATA

In the result, boththe appeals of the assessee in ITA No

ITA 2361/KOL/2017[2013-14]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata16 Apr 2019AY 2013-14

Bench: Shri S.S.Godara, Jm &Dr. A.L.Saini, Am आयकरअपीलसं./Ita Nos.726&2361/Kol/2017 ("नधा"रणवष" / Assessment Years: 2012-13& 2013-14)

For Appellant: Shri J.P. Khaitan, Sr. AdvocateFor Respondent: Shri P.K. Srihari, CIT DR
Section 143(1)Section 143(3)Section 144CSection 144C(1)Section 144C(13)Section 271(1)Section 92CSection 92E

section 144C(13)/143(3) of the Income tax Act, 1961. 8. As per the Transfer pricing (TP) document furnished by the assessee for the A.Y. 2012-13, the assesseecompany has entered into the following international transactions with its Associated Enterprises (AEs). Nature of services Amount (Rs.) Purchase of raw material 88,41,91,807/- Purchase of traded or finished

ALMATIS ALUMINA PRIVATE LTD,KOLKATA vs. DCIT, CIRCLE-8(1), KOLKATA, KOLKATA

In the result, boththe appeals of the assessee in ITA No

ITA 726/KOL/2017[2012-13]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata16 Apr 2019AY 2012-13

Bench: Shri S.S.Godara, Jm &Dr. A.L.Saini, Am आयकरअपीलसं./Ita Nos.726&2361/Kol/2017 ("नधा"रणवष" / Assessment Years: 2012-13& 2013-14)

For Appellant: Shri J.P. Khaitan, Sr. AdvocateFor Respondent: Shri P.K. Srihari, CIT DR
Section 143(1)Section 143(3)Section 144CSection 144C(1)Section 144C(13)Section 271(1)Section 92CSection 92E

section 144C(13)/143(3) of the Income tax Act, 1961. 8. As per the Transfer pricing (TP) document furnished by the assessee for the A.Y. 2012-13, the assesseecompany has entered into the following international transactions with its Associated Enterprises (AEs). Nature of services Amount (Rs.) Purchase of raw material 88,41,91,807/- Purchase of traded or finished

STAR PAPER MILLS LTD.,KOLKATA vs. D.C.I.T., CIRCLE - 4(1), KOLKATA, KOLKATA

In the result, appeal of the assessee is allowed

ITA 424/KOL/2022[2018-2019]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata10 Jul 2023AY 2018-2019

Bench: Dr. Manish Borad, Hon’Ble & Shri Sonjoy Sarma, Hon’Blei.T.A. No. 424/Kol/2022 Assessment Year: 2018-19 Star Paper Mills Ltd. Dcit, Circle-4(1), Kolkata Duncan House Vs 31, N.S. Road Kolkata - 700001 [Pan : Aaecs0759B] अपीलाथ"/ (Appellant) "" यथ"/ (Respondent) Assessee By : Shri Akkal Dudhewala, Fca Revenue By : Shri G. Hukugha Sema, Cit D/R सुनवाई क" तारीख/Date Of Hearing : 13/04/2023 घोषणा क" तारीख /Date Of Pronouncement: 10/07/2023 आदेश/O R D E R Per Dr. Manish Borad: The Present Appeal Is Directed At The Instance Of The Assessee Against The Order Of The Assistant Commissioner Of Income Tax, Circle- 4(1), Kolkata (Hereinafter The “Ld. Cit(A)”) Dt. 20/06/2022, Passed U/S 144C(13) Of The Income Tax Act, 1961 (“The Act”) For The Assessment Year 2018-19 Which Is Arising Out Of The Directions Of The Dispute Resolution Panel -2, New Delhi (Hereinafter Referred To As The ‘Ld. Drp) U/S 144C(5) Of The Act Dt. 29/04/2022. The Assessee Has Raised The Following Grounds Of Appeal:- “1. For That On The Facts & In The Circumstances Of The Case & In Law, The Ao/Tpo In Complete Disregard Of The Binding Precedent In Assessee'S Own Case For 2

For Appellant: Shri Akkal Dudhewala, FCAFor Respondent: Shri G. Hukugha Sema, CIT D/R
Section 144C(13)Section 144C(5)Section 80Section 92B

section 92C, the arm's length price in relation to an international transaction shall be determined by any of the following methods, being the most appropriate method, in the following manner, namely: (a) comparable uncontrolled price method, by which,-- (i) the price charged or paid for property transferred or services provided in a comparable uncontrolled transaction, or a number

M/S. KESORAM INDUSTRIES LTD., ,KOLKATA vs. DCIT, CIRCLE - 5(1) , KOLKATA

In the result, all the appeals of the revenue for AYs 2012-13, 2014-

ITA 1650/KOL/2019[2015-16]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata28 Oct 2021AY 2015-16

Bench: Hon’Ble Shri P. M. Jagtap, Vp (Kz) & Hon’Ble Shri A. T. Varkey]

Section 139(1)Section 143(3)Section 2Section 2(24)(x)Section 36Section 36(1)(va)Section 43

14. We have heard the arguments of both the sides and also perused the relevant material available on record. It is noted that the above findings were recorded by the Ld. CIT(A) following the order of this Tribunal dated 26.04.2010 passed in assessee's own case in ITA Nos. 1722/Kol/2012for AYs. 2008-09 & 2009-10 wherein it was held

KESORAM INDUSTRIES LTD.,KOLKATA vs. D.C.I.T.,CIRCLE-5(1), KOLKATA

In the result, all the appeals of the revenue for AYs 2012-13, 2014-

ITA 1197/KOL/2019[2014-15]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata28 Oct 2021AY 2014-15

Bench: Hon’Ble Shri P. M. Jagtap, Vp (Kz) & Hon’Ble Shri A. T. Varkey]

Section 139(1)Section 143(3)Section 2Section 2(24)(x)Section 36Section 36(1)(va)Section 43

14. We have heard the arguments of both the sides and also perused the relevant material available on record. It is noted that the above findings were recorded by the Ld. CIT(A) following the order of this Tribunal dated 26.04.2010 passed in assessee's own case in ITA Nos. 1722/Kol/2012for AYs. 2008-09 & 2009-10 wherein it was held

DCIT, CIRCLE - 5(1) , KOLKATA vs. M/S. KESORAM INDUSTRIES LTD., , KOLKATA

In the result, all the appeals of the revenue for AYs 2012-13, 2014-

ITA 1777/KOL/2019[2012-13]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata28 Oct 2021AY 2012-13

Bench: Hon’Ble Shri P. M. Jagtap, Vp (Kz) & Hon’Ble Shri A. T. Varkey]

Section 139(1)Section 143(3)Section 2Section 2(24)(x)Section 36Section 36(1)(va)Section 43

14. We have heard the arguments of both the sides and also perused the relevant material available on record. It is noted that the above findings were recorded by the Ld. CIT(A) following the order of this Tribunal dated 26.04.2010 passed in assessee's own case in ITA Nos. 1722/Kol/2012for AYs. 2008-09 & 2009-10 wherein it was held

DCIT, CIRCLE-5(1), , KOLKATA vs. KESORAM INDUSTRIES LIMITED, KOLKATA

In the result, all the appeals of the revenue for AYs 2012-13, 2014-

ITA 1864/KOL/2019[2015-16]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata28 Oct 2021AY 2015-16

Bench: Hon’Ble Shri P. M. Jagtap, Vp (Kz) & Hon’Ble Shri A. T. Varkey]

Section 139(1)Section 143(3)Section 2Section 2(24)(x)Section 36Section 36(1)(va)Section 43

14. We have heard the arguments of both the sides and also perused the relevant material available on record. It is noted that the above findings were recorded by the Ld. CIT(A) following the order of this Tribunal dated 26.04.2010 passed in assessee's own case in ITA Nos. 1722/Kol/2012for AYs. 2008-09 & 2009-10 wherein it was held

DCIT, KOL. , KOLKATA vs. RUNGTA MINES LIMITED, KOLKATA

In the result, the appeal of the revenue stands dismissed

ITA 286/KOL/2023[2019-20]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata14 Dec 2023AY 2019-20

Bench: Shri Sanjay Garg & Dr. Manish Boradi.T.A No.286/Kol/2023 Assessment Year: 2019-20 Dcit, Kolkata.................................................................................Appellant Vs. Rungta Mines Ltd.................................................……...…..…..Respondent 8A, Express Tower, 42A, Shakespeare Sarani, Kolkata – 700017. [Pan: Aabcr6463N] Appearances By: Shri Raman Garg, Cit-Dr, Appeared On Behalf Of The Appellant. Shri Siddharth Agarwal, Advocate, Appeared On Behalf Of The Respondent. Date Of Concluding The Hearing :October 18, 2023 Date Of Pronouncing The Order : December 14, 2023 आदेश / Order संजय गग", "या"यकसद"य"वारा/ Per Sanjay Garg: The Present Appeal Has Been Preferred By The Revenue Against The Order Dated 20.01.2023 Of The Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeals)-22, Kolkata (Hereinafter Referred To As The ‘Cit(A)’) Passed U/S 250 Of The Income Tax Act (Hereinafter Referred To As The ‘Act’). 2. The Revenue In This Appeal Has Taken The Following Grounds Of Appeal: “1. That On The Facts & Circumstances Of The Case, The Ld. Cit(A) Has Erred In Not Appreciating That Arm'S Length Price & Fair Market Value Are Two Different Concepts & The Role Of The Tpo Is Limited To Determination Of Arm'S Length Price

Section 250Section 80Section 80ISection 92BSection 92F

14, 2023 आदेश / ORDER संजय गग", "या"यकसद"य"वारा/ Per Sanjay Garg, Judicial Member: The present appeal has been preferred by the revenue against the order dated 20.01.2023 of the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals)-22, Kolkata (hereinafter referred to as the ‘CIT(A)’) passed u/s 250 of the Income Tax Act (hereinafter referred

DCIT, CC-1(3), KOLKATA, KOLKATA vs. RUNGTA MINES LIMITED, KOLKATA

In the result, the appeal of the revenue stands dismissed

ITA 802/KOL/2023[2018-19]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata15 Dec 2023AY 2018-19

Bench: Shri Sanjay Garg & Dr. Manish Boradi.T.A Nos.801&802/Kol/2023 Assessment Years: 2017-18 & 2018-19 Dcit, Cc-1(3), Kolkata …….........................................................……Appellant Vs. Rungta Mines Ltd..........................................……........……...…..…..Respondent 8A, Express Tower, 42A, Shakespeare Sarani, Kolkata- 700017. [Pan: Aabcr6463N] Appearances By: Shri Siddharth Agarwal, Advocate, Appeared On Behalf Of The Appellant. Shri S. Dutta, Cit-Dr, Appeared On Behalf Of The Respondent. Date Of Concluding The Hearing : September 20, 2023 Date Of Pronouncing The Order : December 15, 2023 आदेश / Order संजय गग", "या"यक सद"य "वारा / Per Sanjay Garg: The Captioned Appeals Have Been Preferred By The Assessee Against The Separate Orders Both Dated 31.05.2023 Of The Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeals) – 22, Kolkata (Hereinafter Referred To As The ‘Cit(A)’) Passed U/S 250 Of The Income Tax Act (Hereinafter Referred To As The ‘Act’) Respectively. Since, The Facts & Issues Involved In Both The Appeals Are Common & The Same Have Been Heard Together, Therefore, These Are Being Adjudicated By This Common Order. Ita No.801/Kol/2023 Is Taken As The Lead Case. 2. Ita No.801/Kol/2023 – The Assessee In This Appeal Has Taken The Following Grounds Of Appeal:

Section 250Section 80Section 80ISection 92BSection 92F

section 92F of the Income Tax Act. He has also referred to the decision of the Hon’ble Calcutta High Court in the case of CIT vs. ITC Ltd. (2015) 64 taxman.com 2014 and therefore, has submitted that the impugned order of the CIT(A) be set aside and that of the Assessing Officer be restored. 7. On the other

DCIT CC-1(3),KOLKATA, KOLKATA vs. RUNGTA MINES LIMITED, KOLKATA

In the result, the appeal of the revenue stands dismissed

ITA 801/KOL/2023[2017-18]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata15 Dec 2023AY 2017-18

Bench: Shri Sanjay Garg & Dr. Manish Boradi.T.A Nos.801&802/Kol/2023 Assessment Years: 2017-18 & 2018-19 Dcit, Cc-1(3), Kolkata …….........................................................……Appellant Vs. Rungta Mines Ltd..........................................……........……...…..…..Respondent 8A, Express Tower, 42A, Shakespeare Sarani, Kolkata- 700017. [Pan: Aabcr6463N] Appearances By: Shri Siddharth Agarwal, Advocate, Appeared On Behalf Of The Appellant. Shri S. Dutta, Cit-Dr, Appeared On Behalf Of The Respondent. Date Of Concluding The Hearing : September 20, 2023 Date Of Pronouncing The Order : December 15, 2023 आदेश / Order संजय गग", "या"यक सद"य "वारा / Per Sanjay Garg: The Captioned Appeals Have Been Preferred By The Assessee Against The Separate Orders Both Dated 31.05.2023 Of The Commissioner Of Income Tax (Appeals) – 22, Kolkata (Hereinafter Referred To As The ‘Cit(A)’) Passed U/S 250 Of The Income Tax Act (Hereinafter Referred To As The ‘Act’) Respectively. Since, The Facts & Issues Involved In Both The Appeals Are Common & The Same Have Been Heard Together, Therefore, These Are Being Adjudicated By This Common Order. Ita No.801/Kol/2023 Is Taken As The Lead Case. 2. Ita No.801/Kol/2023 – The Assessee In This Appeal Has Taken The Following Grounds Of Appeal:

Section 250Section 80Section 80ISection 92BSection 92F

section 92F of the Income Tax Act. He has also referred to the decision of the Hon’ble Calcutta High Court in the case of CIT vs. ITC Ltd. (2015) 64 taxman.com 2014 and therefore, has submitted that the impugned order of the CIT(A) be set aside and that of the Assessing Officer be restored. 7. On the other

ORGANON (INDIA) LIMITED,MUMBAI vs. ADDL. CIT, CIRCLE - 12, KOLKATA, KOLKATA

In the result, the appeal of the assessee is partly allowed

ITA 1335/KOL/2010[2005-06]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata15 May 2019AY 2005-06

Bench: Shri P.M. Jagtap, Vice-(Kz) & Shri A.T. Varkey

Section 195Section 40

transfer pricing adjustment made by the Assessing Officer was not sustainable:- 14 Assessment Year: 2005-2006 Organon (India) Limited “TPO / AO failed to communicate to the Appellant the relevant clause under section

AT&S INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED vs. D.C.I.T., CIRCLE-11(1), KOLKATA, KOLKATA

In the result, appeal filed by the assessee, is allowed

ITA 77/KOL/2017[2012-13]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata11 May 2018AY 2012-13

Bench: Shri A. T. Varkey, Jm &Dr. A.L.Saini, Am आयकरअपीलसं./Ita No.77/Kol/2017 ("नधा"रणवष" / Assessment Year: 2012-13) At & S India (P) Ltd. Vs. D.C.I.T, Circle-11(1), Kolkata

For Appellant: Smt. Rituparna Sinha, ARFor Respondent: Shri G. Mallikarjuna, CIT(DR)
Section 143(3)Section 144CSection 37Section 92C

section 92CA of the Act, the total income of the assessee was computed with the arm’s length price determined by the TPO. In the transfer pricing study report, it was mentioned that the assessee imports raw material and spare parts and produces finished goods which are supplied to the AE in Europe for resale purpose in AE’s territory

STAR PAPER MILLS LIMITED,KOLKATA vs. DCIT, CIR. 4(2), KOLKATA

In the result, the appeal of the assessee is partly allowed

ITA 127/KOL/2021[2016-17]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata26 Oct 2021AY 2016-17

Bench: Shri P. M .Jagtap, Vice-(Kz) & Shri A. T. Varkey, Jm]

Section 143(3)Section 144CSection 80ISection 92B

section 92C, the arm's length price in relation to an international transaction shall be determined by any of the following methods, being the most appropriate method, in the following manner, namely: (a) comparable uncontrolled price method, by which,-- 8 I.T.A. No.127/Kol/2021 Assessment Year: 2016-17 Star Paper Mills Limited (i) the price charged or paid for property transferred

M/S LANDIS+GYR LIMITED,,KOLKATA vs. DCIT, CIRCLE -1, KOLKATA, KOLKATA

In the result, the appeals of the assessee in ITA No

ITA 1623/KOL/2012[2008-2009]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata03 Aug 2016AY 2008-2009

Bench: Shri M. Balaganesh, Am & Shri S. S. Viswanethra Ravi, Jm]

For Appellant: Shri Rahul Mitra, ARFor Respondent: Shri G. Mallikarjuna, CIT, DR
Section 144C(5)Section 144C(8)Section 43B

section 234C of the Act are very clear without any ambiguity that the same is chargeable only on the returned income. Hence, the Ground No. 3 raised by the assessee is allowed. 5. Adjustment to Arm’s Length Price – ITA No. 37/Kol/2012 – Asst Year 2007-08 The assessee is a closely held company engaged in the business of manufacturing

LANDIS + GYR LIMITED,SOUTH 24 PARGANAS vs. DCIT, CIRCLE - 1, KOLKATA, KOLKATA

In the result, the appeals of the assessee in ITA No

ITA 37/KOL/2012[2007-08]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata03 Aug 2016AY 2007-08

Bench: Shri M. Balaganesh, Am & Shri S. S. Viswanethra Ravi, Jm]

For Appellant: Shri Rahul Mitra, ARFor Respondent: Shri G. Mallikarjuna, CIT, DR
Section 144C(5)Section 144C(8)Section 43B

section 234C of the Act are very clear without any ambiguity that the same is chargeable only on the returned income. Hence, the Ground No. 3 raised by the assessee is allowed. 5. Adjustment to Arm’s Length Price – ITA No. 37/Kol/2012 – Asst Year 2007-08 The assessee is a closely held company engaged in the business of manufacturing

ACIT, CIRCLE - 2(1), KOLKATA , KOLKATA vs. M/S. ITC INFOTECH INDIA LTD., , KOLKATA

In the result, appeals of the revenue for both the assessment years are dismissed

ITA 1917/KOL/2018[2014-15]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata18 Oct 2022AY 2014-15

Bench: Shri Rajpal Yadav & Shri Girish Agrawalassessment Year: 2014-15 & Assessment Year : 2015-16 Assistant Commissioner Of M/S. Itc Infotech India Income-Tax, Circle-2(1), Limited Vs. Kolkata. (Pan: Aaaci7376Q) Virginia House, 37, J. L. Nehru Road, Kolkata-700071. (Appellant) (Respondent) Present For: Appellant By : Shri Manish Kanojia, Cit, Dr Respondent By : Shri J. P. Khaitan, Sr. Counsel & Shri Bikash Chandra, Ar Date Of Hearing : 16.08.2022 Date Of Pronouncement : 18.10.2022

For Appellant: Shri Manish Kanojia, CIT, DRFor Respondent: Shri J. P. Khaitan, Sr. Counsel & Shri Bikash
Section 144C

Section 1.482-5 of the Internal Revenue Service (IRC)) The Assessee has also produced a compendium of various judgments by the higher authorities which have held that the least complex entity should be the tested party (including the Kolkata jurisdiction rulings in case of Development Consultants Limited (ITA No. 1591/KOL/2010) and Landis + Gyr Limited (ITA No. 37 and 1623/Kol/2012)).While

ACIT, CIRCLE - 2(1), KOLKATA vs. M/S. ITC INFOTECH INDIA LTD., , KOLKATA

In the result, appeals of the revenue for both the assessment years are dismissed

ITA 1816/KOL/2019[2015-16]Status: DisposedITAT Kolkata18 Oct 2022AY 2015-16

Bench: Shri Rajpal Yadav & Shri Girish Agrawalassessment Year: 2014-15 & Assessment Year : 2015-16 Assistant Commissioner Of M/S. Itc Infotech India Income-Tax, Circle-2(1), Limited Vs. Kolkata. (Pan: Aaaci7376Q) Virginia House, 37, J. L. Nehru Road, Kolkata-700071. (Appellant) (Respondent) Present For: Appellant By : Shri Manish Kanojia, Cit, Dr Respondent By : Shri J. P. Khaitan, Sr. Counsel & Shri Bikash Chandra, Ar Date Of Hearing : 16.08.2022 Date Of Pronouncement : 18.10.2022

For Appellant: Shri Manish Kanojia, CIT, DRFor Respondent: Shri J. P. Khaitan, Sr. Counsel & Shri Bikash
Section 144C

Section 1.482-5 of the Internal Revenue Service (IRC)) The Assessee has also produced a compendium of various judgments by the higher authorities which have held that the least complex entity should be the tested party (including the Kolkata jurisdiction rulings in case of Development Consultants Limited (ITA No. 1591/KOL/2010) and Landis + Gyr Limited (ITA No. 37 and 1623/Kol/2012)).While