“Section 154(6)”

Expenditure for replacement of machinery parts qualifies as 'current repairs' under Section 31(i) of the Income-tax Act if it does not result in a new asset or substantially enhance the existing asset's life. For Section 31(i), the critical factor is whether the expense constitutes current repairs, making the general revenue vs. capital distinction less relevant for that specific section.

Depreciation under section 32 is allowable even if an asset is not actively used, provided it is kept in a condition of readiness or is put ready for use, as this amounts to passive user.

The Department has a moral and legal obligation to refund excess tax collected from taxpayers, along with interest. An assessee is entitled to interest on the amount of taxes refunded, including interest on interest, as per Section 244A of the Income-tax Act.

For Section 80IA and 80IB deductions, the profits of an eligible industrial undertaking or unit must be computed independently based on its actual profitability and market-rate inter-unit transactions, rather than applying a global profit margin of all the assessee's units.

Where the Assessing Officer (AO) received information of bogus purchases involving accommodation entries, but the AO made additions at a higher rate than the rate applied to the parties providing such entries, the Tribunal was justified in limiting the addition to the assessee at a rate consistent with the additions made to the suppliers.

Interest under sections 234B and 234C is not attracted in cases where income is assessed under Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) provisions under section 115JB.

Deduction for commission payments cannot be disallowed solely because summons served on commission agents were returned unserved, especially if the agents may have moved addresses years after the transactions.

An assessee cannot be held as an assessee-in-default under section 201(1) of the Income-tax Act if the agreements entered into were not works contracts within the meaning of section 194C.