“Section 9(1)(vi)(c)”
The decision most relied on for Section 9(1)(vi)(c) is CIT v. Samsung Electronics Ltd. (345 ITR 494), cited in 461 judgments on BharatTax.
Leading authorities on Section 9(1)(vi)(c)
Payments by Indian residents to non-resident foreign software suppliers for software are considered royalty, constituting income deemed to accrue in India under section 9(1)(v), thereby requiring tax deduction at source under section 195.
Payments for the use of copyrighted software, without the transfer of any rights in the underlying copyright itself, do not constitute 'royalty' under the Income-tax Act or tax treaties. Such payments are often treated as business income, taxable only if a permanent establishment exists.
The Supreme Court's decision in DIT Vs. Mitshubishi Corporation covers the chargeability of interest under section 234B of the Act.
Payments for the use of technical know-how or intellectual property, which grant a right to use rather than an outright transfer of ownership, are deductible revenue expenditures as they do not create an enduring benefit, especially in fields with rapid technological obsolescence.
The interpretation of the term 'royalty' as defined in tax treaties is not influenced by India's subsequent changes in position to the OECD Commentary or by executive actions. A treaty between sovereign states cannot be unilaterally amended by domestic law or executive policy without incorporating such changes into the treaty itself.
Payments made for the limited right to use technical information or know-how, where there is no sale of such information, are allowable as revenue deductions.
The amendment of the Income Tax Act cannot unilaterally alter the definition of Royalty under a Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement (DTAA) if the treaty itself has not been amended.
The case is authority for the proposition that where a tax treaty provides for a more beneficial treatment than the Income Tax Act, the treaty provisions will prevail, provided certain conditions under section 90(2) are met.