Facts
The assessee, M/s Shakambhari Ispat & Power Limited, filed cross appeals against orders of the CIT(A). The case was reopened following a search operation under Section 132 on 'Agarwal Group' (including the assessee). Additions were made for alleged undisclosed purchases of coal from 'Majee Group' and bogus purchases from 'Reeja Trading Pvt. Ltd.', as well as for unexplained cash loans (hundis) from 'Kasera Group', all based on seized documents from third-party searches. The assessee consistently denied these transactions and challenged the validity of reassessment and the additions made.
Held
The Tribunal upheld the validity of the reassessment proceedings initiated after search, stating that under the new scheme, incriminating material is not a prerequisite for reopening prior assessment years. However, it deleted the additions for alleged undisclosed purchases from 'Majee Group' and 'Reeja Trading Pvt. Ltd.', finding that the AO's actions were based on surmises and reports without independent inquiry or allowing cross-examination. Similarly, the additions for unexplained cash loans from 'Kasera Group' were deleted as the seized documents (loose papers/diaries) were deemed inadmissible evidence and the concerned party denied transactions with the assessee.
Key Issues
The key legal issues were the validity of reassessment proceedings after search without incriminating material, and the sustainability of additions for undisclosed purchases and cash loans based solely on third-party seized documents without corroboration or cross-examination.
Sections Cited
115JB, 131, 132, 132(1), 132(4), 132(4A), 133A, 133(6), 139(1), 142(1), 142(2), 142(3), 143(1), 143(2), 143(3), 144, 147, 148, 148A, 149(1)(b), 151, 153A, 153C, 292C, 68, 69, 69C, 69D, 115BBE
AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below
Income Tax Appellate Tribunal, “D” BENCH, KOLKATA
Before: SHRI RAJESH KUMAR & SHRI PRADIP KUMAR CHOUBEY
Per Bench: These are the cross appeals filed by the assessee and revenue against the separate orders passed by the CIT(A), Kolkata-21, 28.02.2025 & 13.03.2025, for the assessment years2016-2017, 2017-2018, 2018- 2019, 2019-2020, 2020-2021, 2021-2022, respectively.
First, we shall take the appeal of the assessee in ITA No.931/Kol/2025 for A.Y.2019-2020 as lead case and the grounds raised therein are extracted below:-
For that in view of the facts and in the circumstances, the Ld. CIT(A) was wholly unjustified in confirming the validity of the notice u/s 148 dt. 6.9.2022 and the proceedings and the consequent order passed u/s 147 and such action of the Ld. CIT(A) is no in accordance with the law and facts on record and in view of the facts and in the circumstances it may be held accordingly.
Without prejudice to Ground No. 1 above, the impugned notice u/s 148 dt. 6.9.2022 is vague and it does not confirm to the requirement of sec. 147 and 148 and in view of the facts and in the circumstances it may be held accordingly.
Without prejudice to Grounds No. 1 & 2 above, Ld. CIT(A) erred in not appreciating the fact that the impugned notice u/s 148 dt. 6.9.2022 was not on the basis of any incriminating material and evidence during search u/s 132)(1) on 17.9.2021 at "Agarwal Group' and as such the action of AO in such respect in issuing of such notice is bad in law and it may be held accordingly.
Without prejudice to Grounds No. 1 to 3 above, such notice u/s 148 was on the basis of searches conducted u/s 132(1) on 'Kasera' & 'Majee Group' on 30.11.2018 & 5.11.2020 respectively (searches were prior to 1.4.2021) and as such the amended law u/s 147 and sec. 148 with effect from 1.4.2021 could not have been applied for issue of notice u/s 148 in such respect and Ld. CIT(A) accordingly erred in not appreciating the same and it may be held accordingly.
Without prejudice to Grounds No. 1 to 4 above, the Ld. CIT(A) erred in not appreciating the fact that the addition could not have been made on issues other than issues on which proceedings u/s 147 has been initiated and accordingly the impugned notice u/s 148 and the consequent proceedings u/s 147 is bad in law and it may be held accordingly.
For that in view of the facts and in the circumstances, Ld. CIT(A) erred in not deleting the entire addition of alleged undisclosed purchase of Rs. 29,93,22,967/- and also erred in applying gross profit rate @ 8.01% and such action of AO in adding the gross profit percentage on such alleged undisclosed purchase is bad in law and the action of Ld. CIT(A) is bad in law and it may be held accordingly.
Without prejudice to Ground No. 6 above, the Ld. CIT(A) erred in treating the alleged undisclosed cash purchases of Rs. 29,93,22,967/- with 3d party without there being any evidence of such alleged purchase and without there being any examination of such alleged transaction and or such third person by the AO and as such the Ld. CIT(A)'s action in such respect is bad in law and it may be held accordingly.
Without prejudice to Grounds No. 6 & 7 above, the Ld. CIT(A) erred in not appreciating the fact that the AO did not bring any material or evidence regarding the purchase or consumption of alleged undisclosed purchases and AO did not even dispute the production so achieved during the year and even AO did not reject books of accounts of appellant and as such AO's action in making such addition in such respect is merely on conjecture and surmises and Ld. CIT(A) erred in not appreciating the same and it may be held accordingly. 9 Without prejudice to Grounds No. 6 to 8 above, the Ld. CIT(A) erred in not appreciating the fact that Ld. AO had quantified the alleged undisclosed purchases merely on conjecture and surmises and as such the action of AO & CIT(A) is bad in law and it may be held accordingly.
Without prejudice to Grounds No. 6 to 9 above, AO didn't even issue notices to alleged transactions of such coal and Ld. CIT(A) erred in not appreciating the same and hence it may be held accordingly.
Without prejudice to Grounds No. 6 to 10 above, the entire addition made by AO in such respect is without allowing cross examination of the third party so involved and such action of AO & CIT(A) is bad in law and it may be held accordingly.
Without prejudice to Grounds No. 6 to 11 above, the rate of gross profit so considered by CIT(A) has no legal basis and such action of CIT(A) is bad in law and it may be held accordingly.
For that in view of the facts and in the circumstances, the Ld. CIT(A) erred in not appreciating that alleged sum of Rs. 8,52,00,000/- was not at all related to / pertain to appellant and such addition was wrongly made by AO without any independent. examination of material or such 3rd party and Ld. CIT(A) was unjustified in treating such sum as part of alleged undisclosed purchase although there was no such purchases as contended in Grounds No. 6 to 11 above and it may be held accordingly.
For that in view of the facts and in the circumstances, the Ld. AO was wholly unjustified in making addition of Rs., 1,20,95,958/- [treating the purchases made from Reeja Trading Private Ltd. as bogus purchase) merely based on the report of CGST Department without conducting any enquiry. /Verification of his own and in view of the facts and in the circumstances the addition so made is liable to be deleted and it may be held accordingly.
Without prejudice to Ground No. 14 above, the Ld/ CIT(A) erred in affirming the action of AO in not appreciating that the said vendor (i.e. Reeja Trading Private Ltd.) had duly filed its income tax return and ROC return nd had made other statutory compliances and merely based on the CGST Department the existence of the said vendor and the consequent purchases cannot be held as bogus and such action is bad in law and in view of the facts and in the circumstances the addition so made is liable to be deleted and it may be held accordingly.
Without prejudice to Grounds No. 14 & 15 above, the payment made to the said vendor (i.e. Reeja Trading Private Ltd.) were through banking channel and the CGST/SGST has been duly paid on such purchases and as such the existence of said party cannot be doubted and the necessary evidence in such respect were duly placed before the AO when AO failed to consider and in view of the facts and in the circumstances the addition affirmed by Ld. CIT(A) is liable to be deleted and it may be held accordingly.
For that your petitioner craves the right to put additional grounds and/or to alter/ amend/modify the present grounds at the time of hearing. Ground Nos.1 to 5 are against the order of the Id. CIT(A) in confirming the re-opening of reassessment u/s.147 of the Act based on invalid notice issued by the AO u/s.148 of the Act dated 06.09.2022
Facts in brief are that the assessee company filed its return of income u/s 139(1) of the Act for the assessment year under consideration on 31.10.2019 declaring total income of Rs.17,25,39,330/- under normal provision and Rs. 51,82,85,619/- as per section 115JB of Income Tax Act, 1961. The return was processed u/s 143(1) of the Act on 03/06/2020. The assessee company was engaged in manufacturing of TMT Bar, Billets, Ingots, Sponge Iron, Ferro Alloy and generation of Captive Power Plant etc, and also engaged in trading activities of Iron Steel Products. A search & seizure operation u/s 132 of the Act, 1961 was conducted on Agarwal Group and its associates by the Directorate of Investigation, Kolkata on 17.09.2021 and on subsequent dates. Being one of the associate members of the above group, the assessee was also covered in search by executing a warrant. Pursuant to the search & seizure operation, the case of the assessee was re-opened u/s 147of the Act after taking approval from the competent authority and notice u/s 148 of the Act was issued and served upon the assessee on 06.09.2022 asking the assessee to file return of income within 30 days from the receipt of the notice. On 13.10.2022 the assessee has filed return u/s 148 of the Act declaring total income same as originally filed u/s 139(1) of the Act dated 31.10.2019. Thereafter, statutory notices u/s 143(2) of the Act dated 11.11.2022 and notice u/s 142(1) of the Act dated 12/01/2023alongwith a set of questionnaire were issued and duly served upon the assessee. Finally, the assessment was completed vide order dated 28.07.2023 u/s.143(3)/147 of the Act by making various additions.
In first appeal, the Id. CIT(A) upheld the notice issued u/s.148 of the Act and the consequent proceedings and the assessment framed by the AO on the ground that notice was validly issued and there is no infirmity in the same.
Aggrieved with both the orders of the authorities below, the assessee is in further appeal before the Tribunal.
Ld. AR vehemently submitted that the re-opening of assessment was made invalidly without satisfying the conditions precedent to issue of notice u/s 148 of the Act. The Id AR submitted that during the course of search operation no incriminating materials/documents were found and seized. Therefore the re-opening of assessment is bvad in law and so is assessment framed. The Id AR made very elaborate and lengthy submissions which are extracted as under :-
Issue 1 regarding validity of impugned proceeding vide issue of order u/s 148 and subsequent completion of proceeding vide order u/s 147/143 was challenged by the appellant mainly on following grounds: - 1. i) AO failed to provide the copy of reasons recorded for the initiation of the impugned proceedings at the time of issue of notice u/s 148 or even subsequently. ii) The addition so made by the AO in the impugned order does not arise out of the search conducted u/s 132(1) on the appellant and rather the same relates to alleged search on Kesara Group (on whom the search was conducted on 30.11.2018) and Anup Majee Group (on 5.11.2020) and as such, such notice u/s 148 has itself become invalid. iii) The provisions of section 148 for search conducted on or after 1.4.2021 cannot be considered in total oblivion of the fact that no incriminating material was found with the assessee [during the search on 17.9.2021 u's 132(1) on appellant) and the impugned assessment was