ANITA YADAV,MATHURA vs. ITO -1(3)(1), MATHURA

IN THE INCOME TAX APPELLATE TRIBUNAL AGRA (SMC) BENCH: AGRA

BEFORE SHRI A. D. JAIN, JUDICIAL MEMBER

I.T.A No. 422/Agra/2017 (ASSESSMENT YEAR-2009-10)

Anita Yadav, W/o Dr. Sarijit Vs..ITO,-1(3)(1), Yadav B-99, Moti Kunj, Mathura, Mathura. (U.P.) PAN No.AERPY4688P (Assessee) (Revenue)

Assessee by Shri M. M. Agarwal, AR. Revenue by Shri Waseem Arshad, Sr.DR.

Date of Hearing 28.05.2018 Date of Pronouncement 04.07.2018

ORDER This is assessee’s appeal for A.Y. 2009-10, taking the following effective grounds: “1. Because on due consideration of the facts, circumstances of the case, submissions made before him and cited precedents, learned CIT (Appeals) has grossly erred in upholding the validity of initiation of proceedings under section 148 of the Act.

I.T.A No. 422/Agra/2017 2

purported ‘reasons to believe' and the reasons recorded by the AO were based on conjectures, surmises and in bad faith. The proceedings so initiated were illegal, bad in law and without jurisdiction.

I.T.A No. 422/Agra/2017 3

‘Sunil Agrawal vs. ITO’, in ITA No. 988/Del/2018. 1.

I.T.A No. 422/Agra/2017 4

‘Virat Credit & Holdings (P) Ltd. Vs. ITO’, in CO No. 57/Del/2012 in 2. ITA No.89/Del/2012. ‘Hari Ram Gupta vs. ITO’, ITA No.5111/Del/2013. 3. ‘Tara Alloys Ltd. Vs. ITO’, in ITA No.2421/Del/2017. 4.

‘S. Narayanappa vs. CIT’, 63 ITR 219 (SC). i. ‘Chhugamal Rajpal vs. S.P. Chaliha’, 79 ITR 603 (SC). ii. ‘CIT vs. M/s G.S. Tiwari and Co.’, 38 taxman.com 259 (All). iii. ‘M/s Ginni Filaments vs. CIT’, Writ Tax No. 1402 of 2004 iv. (All. H.C.) ‘Sushrut Institute of Plastic Surgery vs. Dy. CIT’, Misc. Bench v. No 219 of 2014 (All. H.C.) ‘Sanjay DCIT’, vi. Kumar Agarwal, HUF vs. ITA No.290/Agra/2010 (ITAT-Agra). ‘ITO vs. Purushottam Das Bangur’, 224 ITR 362 (SC). vii. viii. ‘Anil Kumar Singhal vs. ITO’, 33 taxman. Com 434 (Agra Trib.) (SMC Bench). ‘Abdul Majid vs. CIT’, 281 ITR 366 (All). ix.

I.T.A No. 422/Agra/2017 5

“Yes” 8. Question is whether this approval is in accordance with law.

“5. The ld. Counsel for the assessee has contended that the approval is no approval in the eye of the law having been granted without application of mind, the following decision have been relied on: ‘Sunil Agrawal vs. ITO’, in ITA No. 988/Del/2018. 1. ‘Virat Credit & Holdings (P) Ltd. Vs. ITO’, in CO No. 2. 57/Del/2012 in ITA No.89/Del/2012. ‘Hari Ram Gupta vs. ITO’, ITA No.5111/Del/2013. 3. ‘Tara Alloys Ltd. Vs. ITO’, in ITA No.2421/Del/2017. 4.

I.T.A No. 422/Agra/2017 6

‘S. Narayanappa vs. CIT’, 63 ITR 219 (SC). i. ‘Chhugamal Rajpal vs. S.P. Chaliha’, 79 ITR 603 (SC). ii. ‘CIT vs. M/s G.S. Tiwari and Co.’, 38 taxman.com 259 iii. (All). ‘M/s Ginni Filaments vs. CIT’, Writ Tax No. 1402 of iv. 2004 (All. H.C.) ‘Sushrut Institute of Plastic Surgery vs. Dy. CIT’, Misc. v. Bench No 219 of 2014 (All. H.C.) ‘Sanjay Kumar Agarwal, HUF vs. DCIT’, ITA vi. No.290/Agra/2010 (ITAT-Agra). ‘ITO vs. Purushottam Das Bangur’, 224 ITR 362 (SC). vii. viii. ‘Anil Kumar Singhal vs. ITO’, 33 taxman. Com 434 (Agra Trib.) (SMC Bench). ‘Abdul Majid vs. CIT’, 281 ITR 366 (All). ix. 7. Heard. In the above quoted approval granted by the Additional CIT, the approval has been granted by observing thus: “Ji Haan Main Santusht Hoon.” Translated, this approval states: ‘Yes, I am satisfied’. Question 8. is whether this approval is in accordance with law.

I.T.A No. 422/Agra/2017 7

In the case of ‘Sunil Agrawal vs. ITO’, the ITAT, Delhi vide 9. order dated 24.05.2018 in ITA No. 988/Del/2018 (APB-19-49) held that:- “6.3 It is further noted that the proceedings have been initiated on the basis of no material much less any tangible and, relevant material and as such reasons record do not constitute valid reason to believe for initiating proceedings u/s. 147 of the Act. It is further noted that the approval granted by the competent authority is a mechanical approval and action has been taken mechanically because on perusing the reasons recorded, it demonstrates that Joint CIT has written “Yes, in view of reasons recorded by the AO, I am satisfied that this is fit case for issue of notice u/s. 148 and similarly, the Ld. CIT, Dehradun has mentioned “Yes, I am satisfied” which establishes that both the authorities have not recorded proper satisfaction / approval, before issue of notice u/s. 148 of the Act. Thereafter, the AO has mechanically issued notice u/s. 148 of the Act, on the basis of information allegedly received by him from the DCIT, Central Circle, Dehradun. Keeping in view of the facts and circumstances of the present case and the case law applicable in the case of the assessee, we are of the considered view that the reopening in the case of the assessee for the asstt. Year in dispute is bad in law and deserves to be quashed. Our aforesaid view is fortified by the following decisions:-

I.T.A No. 422/Agra/2017 8

Hon’ble Delhi High Court in the case of Pr. CIT vs. M/s (A) NC Cables Ltd. in ITA No. 335/2015 has held as under:-

I.T.A No. 422/Agra/2017 9

“The Commissioner acted, of course, mechanically in order to discharge his statutory obligation properly in the matter of recording sanction as he merely wrote on the format “Yes, I am satisfied” which indicates as if he was to sign only on the dotted line. Even otherwise also, the exercise is shown to have been performed in less than 24 hours of time which also goes to indicate that the Commissioner did not apply his mind at all while granting sanction. The satisfaction has to be with objectivity on objective material.

I.T.A No. 422/Agra/2017 10

assessment was invalid – Whether Special Leave Petition filed against impugned order was to be dismissed – Held, Yes (in favour of the Assessee).” 6.4 In the background of the aforesaid discussions and respectfully following the precedents, as aforesaid, we are of the considered view that proceedings initiated by invoking the provisions of section 147 of the Act by the AO and upheld by the Ld. CIT(A) are non est in law and without jurisdiction, hence, the re-assessment is quashed. Since we have already quashed the re-assessment, the other grounds have become academic and are therefore not adjudicated and accordingly, the assessee’s appeal is allowed.” In the case of ‘Virat Credit & Holdings (P) Ltd. vs. ITO’, 10. (CO No. 57/Del/2012 in ITA No. 89/Del/2012), the ITAT, Delhi vide its order dated 09.02.2018 (PBP - 50-62) has held that:- “11. In response to aforesaid question no.13 in the prescribed proforma, Addl. CIT has written “Yes. I am satisfied.” No doubt, columns of reasons recorded was there and it is also mentioned in column no.12 that reasons for belief that income has escaped assessment are as per annexure enclosed but such annexure has not been produced before the Bench for perusal.

I.T.A No. 422/Agra/2017 11

independent mind while according sanction as there is not an iota of material on record as to what documents he had perused and what were the reasons for his being satisfied to accord the sanction to initiate the reopening of assessment u/s 148 of the Act.” In the case of ‘Hari Ram Gupta Vs ITO’, in ITA No. 11. 5111/Del/2013 in ITAT, Delhi vide its order dated 07.07.2016 (PBP-63-67) has quashed the assessment based on approval mentioning , as in the present case, "Yes I am satisfied" (Para 6). Again, the ITAT, Delhi Bench in the case of ‘M/s Tara 12. Alloys Ltd. Vs. ITO’, in ITA No. 2421/Del/2017 (PBP- 68-108) likewise quashed the assessment based on approval mentioning “Yes I am satisfied” that it is a fit case for reopening u/s 147. (Para 8 to 10) In the Hon’ble Supreme Court’s Judgment in the case of 13. ‘Parashuram Pottery Works Co. Ltd. Vs. ITO’, reported in 106 ITR 1 (APB- 109-118), the Hon’ble Apex Court held that “It has been said that the taxes are the price that we pay for civilization. If so, it is essential that those who are entrusted with the task of calculating and realizing that price should familiarize themselves with the relevant provisions and become well-versed with the law on the subject. Any remission on their

I.T.A No. 422/Agra/2017 12

part can only be at the cost of the national exchequer and must necessarily result in loss of revenue”. (Para-15) In ‘Parshuram Pottery Works Co. Ltd vs. ITO’, 106 ITR 14. 1 (SC) (supra), the Hon’ble Supreme Court had further held that “It has been said that the taxes are the price that we pay for civilization and it is essential that revenue authorities should become well-versed with the law on the subject. Any remission on their part can only be at the cost of the national exchequer and must necessarily result in loss of revenue”. (Para-15) In ‘Chhugamal Rajpal vs. S.P. Chaliha’, 79 ITR 603 15. (SC), the Hon’ble Supreme Court held that the ITO had no material before him which could satisfy the requirements of either clause (a) or clause (b) of section 147 and that therefore, he could not have issued a notice under section 148. The Hon’ble Supreme Court further held that “Further, the report submitted by him under section 151(2) does not mention any reason for coming to the conclusion that it is a fit case for the issue of a notice under section 148.” The Hon’ble Court concluded that “We are also of the 16. opinion that the Commissioner has mechanically accorded permission. He did not himself record that he was satisfied that this was a fit case for the issue of a notice under section 148. To question No. 8 in the report which reads "Whether the

I.T.A No. 422/Agra/2017 13

Commissioner is satisfied that it is a fit case for the issue of notice under section 148", he just noted the word "Yes" and affixed his signature there-under. We are of the opinion that if only he had read the report carefully, he could never have come to the conclusion on the material before him that this is a fit case to issue notice under section 148. The important safeguards provided in sections 147 and 151 were lightly treated by the Income-tax Officer as well as by the Commissioner. Both of them appear to have taken the duty imposed on them under these provisions as of little importance. They have substituted the form for the substance”. In ‘CIT vs. M/s G.S. Tiwari and Co.’, 38 taxman.com 259 17. (All), it was held by the Hon’ble jurisdictional High Court that under the garb of review, completed assessment cannot be reopened. No re-hearing is permissible on merit. Scope of review is very limited. In ‘M/s Ginni Filaments vs. CIT’, Writ Tax No. 1402 of 18. 2004 (All), the assessee had not valued its closing stock as per the provisions of Section 145A of the IT Act. Notice under section 148 was issued, which was challenged before the Hon’ble High Court. The Hon’ble High Court, while sustaining the notice under section 148, held that at this stage, it can be said that there is relevant material on the record to form a reasonable belief that the taxable income of the assessee has

I.T.A No. 422/Agra/2017 14

escaped assessment, in view of section 145-A of the Act. The present controversy was not involved therein. In ‘Sushrut Institute of Plastic Surgery vs. Dy. CIT’, the 19. Misc. Bench No. 219 of 2014 (All), the Hon’ble High Court upholding the validity of the notice u/s 148, found that the only requirement of section 147 is that the Assessing Officer must have good reason to believe that some income had escaped assessment. It was observed that ‘A bare perusal of letter dated 14.05.2013 (Annexure No.4) written by the Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax Range-VI- Lucknow, shows that in the return for assessment year 2006-07 the petitioner declared its total income "Nil". However, during the said year share capital increases from Rs. 47,82,000/- to Rs.58,82,000/- and secured loan increases from Rs.1,23,54,001/- to Rs. 2,78,21,882/- which shows the increase of Rs. 1,54,67,871/- Investment in building increased from Rs.7,09,770/- to Rs.1,50,99,423/- but the petitioner did not explain the source of increment, similarly other current assets also increased. Therefore, apart from the District Valuer Report we find that there are sufficient reasons for the Assessing Officer to believe that the income chargeable to tax has escaped assessment. Thus we find that ingredient of section 147 is available to reopen the proceeding of assessment for the assessment year 2006-07. These are nowhere the facts of the present case.

I.T.A No. 422/Agra/2017 15

In ‘Sanjay Kumar Agarwal, HUF vs. DCIT’, ITA No. 20. 290/Agra/2010-ITAT-Agra, the Agra Bench of the Tribunal upheld the notice issued under section 148 of the Act based on the report of the Investigation Wing. The issue of validity or otherwise of the approval granted, which is the issue at hand, was not present therein. In ‘ITO vs. Purushottam Das Bangur’, 224 ITR 362 (SC), 21. re-assessment proceedings were upheld where the Assessee claimed that he had incurred capital loss on sale of shares held in a company, which was based on official quotation at Calcutta Stock Exchange and the same was allowed in original assessment. Subsequently, the ITO received a letter from the Directorate of Investigation, giving detailed particulars collected from the Bombay Stock Exchange, which revealed that the quotation appearing at Calcutta Stock Exchange was a result of manipulated transaction. On the very next day of receipt of the letter, the ITO issued notice under section 147(b). The Hon’ble Supreme Court found that the letter from the Directorate contained definite information derived from the Bombay Stock Exchange Directory about the financial condition of Maharaja Shree Umaid Mills Ltd. during the period 1965-70, which indicated that during this period, the company had prospered and that the book value per equity share had risen from Rs. 318.55 for the year ending 31-12-1965 to Rs. 401 for the year ending 31-12-1970, that the earning per

I.T.A No. 422/Agra/2017 16

share rose from Rs. 8.37 per share to Rs. 44 per share and that the dividend percentage had also risen from 2 per cent to 10 per cent for the same period, which falsified the claim of the assessee and accordingly Notice under section 148 was upheld. These facts are absent herein. In ‘Anil Kumar Singhal vs. ITO’, 33 taxman.com434 22. (Agra Trib) (SMC Bench), ITAT upheld the initiation of proceedings under section 148 of the Act after having found that after receipt of report from the Investigation Wing, the AO had applied his mind to such information and had then issued the notice to the assessee. No issue of non-application of mind by the AO, however, stands raised in the present case. In ‘Abdul Majid Vs. CIT’, 281 ITR 366 (All), the assessee 23. moved an application for addition of grounds in grounds of appeal before Tribunal on the ground that since the reasons were not recorded before issuing the notice, the requirement of section 148(2) was not complied with and, therefore, the proceedings were invalid and void ab initio. However, the ITAT did not permit the assessee to raise this plea. On appeal before the Hon’ble High Court, it was held that even if a plea, relating to lack of jurisdiction of officer on ground that no reason was recorded before issue of notice under section 148(2), is not raised at the first instance before the assessing authority, it can be raised before the appellate authority at a later stage and that therefore, Tribunal had erred in not allowing the assessee to

I.T.A No. 422/Agra/2017 17

raise the additional grounds challenging the validity of the assessment order on the basis of illegal initiation of proceedings under section 148.

I.T.A No. 422/Agra/2017 18

(SC) (supra), it has been held that where the Commissioner, while granting the sanction just noted the word “Yes” and affixed his signature thereunder, he had only mechanically accorded permission, and that the important safe-guards provided in section 151 were lightly treated. ‘Narayanappa’ (supra) is dated 27.09.1966, whereas 27. ‘Chhugamal’ (supra) was handed down on 21.01.1971. Both these judgments have been rendered by co-equal Benches of the Hon’ble Apex Court. Now, it is well settled that in such a situation, the judgment of the Hon’ble Supreme Court, which is later in point of time has to be followed.

I.T.A No. 422/Agra/2017 19

alongwith all proceedings pursuant thereto, culminating in the order under appeal.

Nothing further survives for adjudication, nor was anything else argued.

Order pronounced in the open court on 04/07/2018.

Sd/- (A.D. JAIN) JUDICIAL MEMBER *AKV* Copy forwarded to: 1. Appellant 2. Respondent 3. CIT 4. CIT(Appeals) 5. DR: ITAT ASSISTANT REGISTRAR