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Income Tax Appellate Tribunal, “B” BENCH, PUNE
Before: SHRI ANIL CHATURVEDI, AM & SHRI VIKAS AWASTHY, JM
आदेश / ORDER
PER VIKAS AWASTHY, JM :
This appeal by the assessee is directed against the order of Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals)-1, Pune dated 11-01-2017 for the assessment year 2012-13.
Shri Nikhil Pathak appearing on behalf of the assessee submitted that the assessee in appeal has assailed the findings of Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) on two counts : i. Confirming disallowance u/s. 14A r.w. Rule 8D, and
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ii. Confirming disallowance of weighted deduction of expenditure incurred on in-house research & development activities u/s. 35(2AB) of the Act.
2.1 The ld. AR submitted that the assessee has earned exempt income of Rs.22 crores. The assessee made suo-moto disallowance of Rs.51,39,625/- . In assessment proceedings the Assessing Officer invoked the provisions of Rule 8D and computed disallowance u/s. 14A at Rs.81,41,319/-. While computing disallowance under Rule 8D, the Assessing Officer has considered all investments, irrespective of the fact whether the assessee has earned dividend income on the said investments or not. The Special Bench of Tribunal in the case of ACIT Vs. Vireet Investments (P) Ltd. reported as 165 ITD 27 (Del) (SB) has held that while computing disallowance u/s. 14A only those investments should be taken into consideration on which the assessee has earned dividend income exempt from tax. Similar view has been taken by the Pune Bench of Tribunal in the case of M/s. Quick Heal Technologies Ltd. Vs. DCIT in ITA Nos.1500 & 1710/PUN/2017 for assessment years 2012-13 and 2013-14 decided on 12-03-2019. The ld. AR stated at the Bar that if, while computing disallowance u/s. 14A in line with ACIT Vs. Vireet Investments (P) Ltd. (supra), the amount of disallowance goes below the suo-moto disallowance made by assessee, the assessee would not claim refund/adjustment of excess amount.
2.2 In respect of ground No. 2 relating to issue of weighted deduction claimed by the assessee u/s. 35(2AB) of the Act, the ld. AR submitted that similar deduction was claimed by the assessee in the immediately preceding assessment year i.e. assessment year 2011-12, however, the same was disallowed by Assessing Officer. After being unsuccessful before
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the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals), the assessee carried the issue in appeal before the Tribunal in ITA No. 13/PUN/2017. The Tribunal vide order dated 14-11-2018 held that the assessee is eligible to claim weighted deduction under the provisions of section 35(2AB) of the Act.
On the other hand Shri M.K. Verma representing the Department vehemently defended the impugned order and prayed for dismissing the appeal of assessee.
Both sides heard. Orders of the authorities below perused. In the appeal the sum and substance of the prayer of assessee with respect to ground No. 1 of the appeal is that disallowance u/s. 14A should be made only in respect of investments on which the assessee has earned dividend income. Undisputedly, the assessee has earned exempt income to the tune of Rs.22 crores in the impugned assessment year. The assessee has made suo-moto disallowance of Rs.51,39,625/-. The Assessing Officer after invoking the provisions of Rule 8D has re-worked disallowance u/s. 14A to Rs.81,41,319/-. The contention of the assessee is that while computing disallowance u/s. 14A, the Assessing Officer has also taken into consideration those investments on which the assessee has not earned any exempt income. The Special Bench of Tribunal in the case of ACIT Vs. Vireet Investments (P) Ltd. (supra) has held that only those investments are to be considered while computing average value of investments, which yielded exempt income during the year. Thus, in the light of decision of Special Bench we concur with the contentions of assessee. The issue is restored back to the file of Assessing Officer for recalculation of disallowance u/s. 14A r.w. Rule 8D after excluding those investments on which the assessee has not earned any exempt income during the period relevant to the assessment year under appeal.
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4.1 The ld. AR of assessee has stated at the Bar that if amount of disallowance u/s. 14A after recomputation is reduced below suo-moto disallowance made, the assessee would not claim refund/adjustment of excess suo-moto disallowance already made. Thus, in the light of our above observations and the concession granted by the ld. AR of assessee, the ground No. 1 raised in the appeal by the assessee is allowed for statistical purpose.
In ground No. 2 of the appeal, the assessee has assailed disallowance of weighted deduction claimed in respect of expenditure on in-house research & development activities u/s. 35(2AB) of the Act. We find that similar disallowance was made by the Assessing Officer in assessment year 2011-12. The Tribunal decided this issue in favour of assessee by observing as under : “16. We have heard the rival contentions and perused the record. The issue before us is vis-à-vis weighted deduction claimed under section 35(2AB) of the Act. The assessee had recognized R&D facility, for which approval was given by DSIR. The assessee during the year under consideration had incurred expenditure of ₹ 15.05 crores (approx.), on which the assessee had claimed weighted deduction under section 35(2AB) of the Act. However, the said weighted deduction claimed under section 35(2AB) of the Act was curtailed by Assessing Officer by ₹ 18,42,000/- on the ground that DSIR had not approved the expenditure. The issue which arises is whether under the provisions of the Act, DSIR had any authority during the year under appeal to approve or disapprove the expenditure incurred by assessee on R&D facility especially once the said R&D facility has been recognized by DSIR. 17. We find that similar issue arose before the Pune Bench of Tribunal in the case of Cummins India Ltd. Vs. DCIT (supra) and the Tribunal noted the provisions of section 35(2AB) of the Act, the approval given by DSIR in Form No.3CL and consequent to the approval given, whether DSIR had any role in approving the expenditure claimed by assessee. The relevant findings of Tribunal are vide paras 38 to 46, which read as under:- “38. We have heard the rival contentions and perused the record. The issue which arises in the present appeal is against the claim of deduction under section 35(2AB) of the Act i.e. expenditure incurred on Research & Development activity. For computation of business income under section 35 of the Act, expenditure on scientific research is to be allowed on fulfillment of certain conditions which are enlisted in the said section. Under various subsections of section 35 of the Act, the conditions and the allowability of expenditure vary. Sub-section (1)
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to section 35 of the Act deals with expenditure on scientific research, not being in the nature of capital expenditure, is to be allowed to research association, university, college or other institution; for which an application in the prescribed form and manner is to be made to the Central Government for the purpose of grant of approval or continuation thereto. Before granting the approval, the prescribed authority has to satisfy itself about the genuineness of activities and make enquiries in this regard. Under sub-section (2B) to section 35 of the Act, a company engaged in the specified business as laid there on, if it incurs expenditure on scientific research or in-house Research & Development facility also needs to be approved by the prescribed authority, is entitled to deduction, provided the same is approved by the prescribed authority.
Now, coming to sub-section (2AA) to section 35 of the Act, it talks about granting of approval by the prescribed authority but the approval to the expenditure being incurred is missing under the said section. Similar is the position in sub-section (2A). Further in sub- section (2AB), it is provided that facility has to be approved by the prescribed authority, then there shall be allowed deduction of expenditure incurred whether 100%, 150% or 200% as prescribed from time to time. Clause (2) to section 35 of the Act provides that no deduction shall be allowed in respect of expenditure mentioned in clause (1) under any provisions of the Act. Clause (3) further lays down that no company shall be entitled for deduction under clause (1) unless it enters into agreement with prescribed authority for co- operation in such R & D facility. The Finance Act, 2015 w.e.f. 01.04.2016 has substituted and provided that facility has to fulfill such condition with regard to maintenance of accounts and audit thereof and for audit of accounts maintained for that facility. 40. Under Rule 6 of Income Tax Rules, 1962 (in short „the Rules), the prescribed authority for expenditure on scientific research under various subclauses has been identified. As per Rule 6(1B) of the Rules for the purpose of sub-section 2AB of section 35 of the Act, the prescribed authority shall be the Secretary, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research i.e. DSIR. Under sub-rule (4), application for obtaining approval under section 35(2AB) of the Act is to be made in form No.3CK. Under sub-rule (5A) of rule 6 of the Rules, the prescribed authority shall, if satisfied that the conditions provided in the rule and in sub-section (2AB) being fulfilled, pass an order in writing in form No.3CM. The proviso however lays down that reasonable opportunity of being heard is to be granted to the company before rejecting an application. So, the application has to be made under sub-rule (4) in form No.3CK and the prescribed authority has to pass an order in writing in form No.3CM. Sub-rule (7A) provides that the approval of expenditure under sub-section (2AB) of section 35 of the Act, shall be subject to the conditions that the facilities do not relate purely to market research, sales promotion, etc. Clause (b) to sub-rule (7A) at the relevant time provided that the prescribed authority shall submit its report in relation to the approval of in-house R & D facility in form No.3CL to the DG (Income-tax Exemption) within sixty days of its granting approval. Under clause (c), the company at the relevant time had to maintain separate accounts for each approved facility, which
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had to be audited annually. Clause (b) to subrule (7A) has been substituted by IT (Tenth Amendment) Rules, 2016 w.e.f. 01.07.2016, under which the prescribed authority has to furnish electronically its report (i) in relation to approval of in-house R & D facility in part A of form No.3CL and (ii) quantifying the expenditure incurred on in-house R & D facility by the company during the previous year and eligible for weighted deduction under sub-section 2AB of section 35 of the Act in part B of form No.3CL. In other words the quantification of expenditure has been prescribed vide IT (Tenth Amendment) Rules, 2016 w.e.f. 01.07.2016. Prior to this amendment, no such power was with DSIR i.e. after approval of facility.
Under the amended provisions, beside maintaining separate accounts of R & D facility, copy of audited accounts have to be submitted to the prescribed authority. These amendments to rules 6 and 7a are w.e.f. 01.07.2016 i.e. under the amended rules, the prescribed authority as in part A give approval of the facility and in part B quantify the expenditure eligible for deduction under section 35(2AB) of the Act. 42. The issue which is raised before us relates to pre-amended provisions and question is where the facility has been approved by the prescribed authority, can the deduction be denied to the assessee under section 35(2AB) of the Act for non issue of form No.3CL by the said prescribed authority or the power is with the Assessing Officer to look into the nature of expenditure to be allowed as weighted deduction under section 35(2AB) of the Act. The first issue which arises is the recognition of facility by the prescribed authority as provided in section 35(2AB) of the Act.
The Hon‟ble High Court of Gujarat in CIT Vs. Claris Lifesciences Ltd. (2010) 326 ITR 251 (Guj) have held that weighted deduction is to be allowed under section 35(2AB) of the Act after the establishment of facility. However, section does not mention any cutoff date or particular date for eligibility to claim deduction. The Hon‟ble High Court held as under:-
“8. The Tribunal has considered the submissions made on behalf of the assessee and took the view that section speaks of: (i) development of facility; (ii) incurring of expenditure by the assessee for development of such facility; (iii) approval of the facility by the prescribed authority, which is DSIR; and (iv) allowance of weighted deduction on the expenditure so incurred by the assessee. 9. The provisions nowhere suggest or imply that R&D facility is to be approved from a particular date and, in other words, it is nowhere suggested that date of approval only will be cut-off date for eligibility of weighted deduction on the expenses
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incurred from that date onwards. A plain reading clearly manifests that the assessee has to develop facility, which presupposes incurring expenditure in this behalf, application to the prescribed authority, who after following proper procedure will approve the facility or otherwise and the assessee will be entitled to weighted deduction of any and all expenditure so incurred. The Tribunal has, therefore, come to the conclusion that on plain reading of section itself, the assessee is entitled to weighted deduction on expenditure so incurred by the assessee for development of facility. The Tribunal has also considered r. 6(5A) and Form No. 3CM and come to the conclusion that a plain and harmonious reading of Rule and Form clearly suggests that once facility is approved, the entire expenditure so incurred on development of R&D facility has to be allowed for weighted deduction as provided by s. 35(2AB). The Tribunal has also considered the legislative intention behind above enactment and observed that to boost up R&D facility in India, the legislature has provided this provision to encourage the development of the facility by providing deduction of weighted expenditure. Since what is stated to be promoted was development of facility, intention of the legislature by making above amendment is very clear that the entire expenditure incurred by the assessee on development of facility, if approved, has to be allowed for the purpose of weighted deduction.
We are in full agreement with the reasoning given by the Tribunal and we are of the view that there is no scope for any other interpretation and since the approval is granted during the previous year relevant to the assessment year in question, we are of the view that the assessee is entitled to claim weighted deduction in respect of the entire expenditure incurred under s. 35(2AB) of the Act by the assessee.”
The Hon‟ble High Court of Delhi in CIT Vs. Sandan Vikas (India) Ltd. (2011) 335 ITR 117 (Del) on similar issue of weighted deduction under section 35(2AB) of the Act held that the condition precedent was the certificate from DSIR, but the date of certificate was not important, where the objective was to encourage research and development by the business enterprises in India. In the facts before the Hon‟ble High Court of Delhi, the assessee had approached DSIR vide application dated 10.01.2015. The DSIR vide letter dated 23.02.2006 granted recognition to in-house research and development facility of assessee. Further, vide letter dated 18.09.2006, DSIR granted approval for the expenses incurred by the company on in- house research and development facility in the prescribed form No.3CM. The Assessing Officer in that case refused to accord the benefit of aforesaid provision on the ground that recognition and approval was given by DSIR in the next assessment year. The Tribunal allowed the claim of assessee relying on the decision of the Hon‟ble High Court of Gujarat in CIT Vs. Claris Lifesciences Ltd. (supra). The Hon‟ble High Court of Delhi taking note of the decision of the Hon‟ble High Court of Gujarat observed that it has been held that cutoff date mentioned in the certificate issued by DSIR would be of no
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relevance where once the certificate was issued by DSIR, then that would be sufficient to hold that the assessee had fulfilled the conditions laid down in the aforesaid provisions. 45. The issue which is raised in the present appeal is that whether where the facility has been recognized and necessary certification is issued by the prescribed authority, the assessee can avail the deduction in respect of expenditure incurred on in-house R&D facility, for which the adjudicating authority is the Assessing Officer and whether the prescribed authority is to approve expenditure in form No.3CL from year to year. Looking into the provisions of rules, it stipulates the filing of audit report before the prescribed authority by the persons availing the deduction under section 35(2AB) of the Act but the provisions of the Act do not prescribe any methodology of approval to be granted by the prescribed authority vis-à-vis expenditure from year to year. The amendment brought in by the IT (Tenth Amendment) Rules w.e.f. 01.07.2016, wherein separate part has been inserted for certifying the amount of expenditure from year to year and the amended form No.3CL thus, lays down the procedure to be followed by the prescribed authority. Prior to the aforesaid amendment in 2016, no such procedure / methodology was prescribed. In the absence of the same, there is no merit in the order of Assessing Officer in curtailing the expenditure and consequent weighted deduction claim under section 35(2AB) of the Act on the surmise that prescribed authority has only approved part of expenditure in form No.3CL. We find no merit in the said order of authorities below. 46. The Courts have held that for deduction under section 35(2AB) of the Act, first step was the recognition of facility by the prescribed authority and entering an agreement between the facility and the prescribed authority. Once such an agreement has been executed, under which recognition has been given to the facility, then thereafter the role of Assessing Officer is to look into and allow the expenditure incurred on in-house R&D facility as weighted deduction under section 35(2AB) of the Act. Accordingly, we hold so. Thus, we reverse the order of Assessing Officer in curtailing the deduction claimed under section 35(2AB) of the Act by ₹ 6,75,000/-. Thus, grounds of appeal No.10.1, 10.2 and 10.3 are allowed.”
The issue arising before us is similar to the issue in Cummins India Ltd. Vs. DCIT (supra) and following the same parity of reasoning, we hold that where facility has been recognized by the prescribed authority and agreement has been entered into between facility and the prescribed authority and thereafter the role of Assessing Officer is to look into and allow the expenditure incurred on in-house R&D facility as weighted deduction under section 35(2AB) of the Act. Accordingly, we find no merit in the orders of authorities below in restricting weighted deduction claimed under section 35(2AB) of the Act by ₹ 18,42,000/- on the ground that DSIR had not approved the said expenditure. It may be pointed out herein itself that reasons for not approving expenditure have also not been made available to the assessee. Consequently, the same cannot be basis for curtailing deduction claimed under section 35(2AB) of the Act. The Assessing Officer is thus, directed to allow weighted deduction under section 35(2AB) of the Act
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at ₹ 18,42,000/-. The grounds of appeal No.2.1 to 2.5 are thus, allowed. The issue in ground of appeal No.2.6 is without prejudice basis and the same does not stand. The grounds of appeal raised by assessee are thus, partly allowed.”
The Revenue has not brought before us any material to show any change in the facts in assessment year under appeal. Therefore, respectfully, following the decision of Co-ordinate Bench in assessee’s own case in immediately preceding assessment year, the ground No. 2 raised in the appeal by the assessee is allowed in the same terms.
In the result, the appeal of assessee is partly allowed.
Order pronounced on Wednesday, the 04th day of September, 2019.
Sd/- Sd/- (अननऱ चतुवेदी / Anil Chaturvedi) (ववकास अवस्थी / Vikas Awasthy) ऱेखा सदस्य / ACCOUNTANT MEMBER न्यानयक सदस्य / JUDICIAL MEMBER ऩुणे / Pune; ददनाांक / Dated : 04th September, 2019. RK आदेश की प्रनतलऱवऩ अग्रेवर्त / Copy of the Order forwarded to : अऩीऱाथी / The Appellant. 1. प्रत्यथी / The Respondent. 2. आयकर आयुक्त (अऩीऱ) / The CIT(A)-1, Pune 3. 4. The Pr. Commissioner of Income Tax-1, Pune ववभागीय प्रनतननधध, आयकर अऩीऱीय अधधकरण, “बी” बेंच, 5. ऩुणे / DR, ITAT, “B” Bench, Pune. गार्ड फ़ाइऱ / Guard File. 6. //सत्यावऩत प्रनत // True Copy// आदेशानुसार / BY ORDER,
ननजी सधचव / Private Secretary, आयकर अऩीऱीय अधधकरण, ऩुणे / ITAT, Pune